{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T04:43:03Z","timestamp":1786509783810,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFQ0099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFQ0099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is an aggressive non-cancerous bone tumor associated with risks of sarcoma and metastasis. Once malignancy occurs, the prognosis is generally poor. Surgery remains the main treatment for GCTB. Multidisciplinary management is a feasible option for patients wherein surgical resection is not an option or for those with serious surgery-related complications. Denosumab is an anti-nuclear factor kappa B ligand approved for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, bone metastases, and advanced or inoperable GCTB. However, the guidelines for treating GCTB are unclear; its short-term efficacy and safety in inoperable patients have been demonstrated. Lengthier therapies (high cumulative doses) or pre-operative adjuvant therapy may be associated with severe complications and high local recurrence rates. Short-term administration helps attain satisfactory local control and functionality. As a result, lately, the impact of different doses and lengths of treatment on the efficacy of denosumab in GCTB treatment, the incidence of complications, and recurrence rates have gained attention. The efficacy and safety of denosumab against GCTB, its impact on imaging assessment, related complications, and recurrence of GCTB were previously reviewed. For further research direction, this paper reviews the progress of studies evaluating the impact of the dose and duration of denosumab therapy for GCTB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14235758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T02:54:05Z","timestamp":1669258445000},"page":"5758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Progress on Denosumab Use in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Dose and Duration of Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9019-5515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feifan","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huipan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhe","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4088-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.08.135","article-title":"Incidence, Management, and Outcomes of Spinal Giant Cell Tumor of Bone in Adult Patients: A National Cancer Database Analysis","volume":"144","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000284","article-title":"The 2020 WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue: Selected Changes and New Entities","volume":"28","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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