{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T01:19:59Z","timestamp":1788830399761,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center\u2019s HPV-Related Cancers Moon Shot Program","award":["U54CA096300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096300"]}]},{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center\u2019s HPV-Related Cancers Moon Shot Program","award":["U54CA096297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096297"]}]},{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center\u2019s HPV-Related Cancers Moon Shot Program","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"ASCO Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award","award":["U54CA096300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096300"]}]},{"name":"ASCO Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award","award":["U54CA096297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096297"]}]},{"name":"ASCO Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\u2019s National Cancer Institute\u2019s Partnership for Excellence","award":["U54CA096300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096300"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\u2019s National Cancer Institute\u2019s Partnership for Excellence","award":["U54CA096297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096297"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\u2019s National Cancer Institute\u2019s Partnership for Excellence","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/NCI","award":["U54CA096300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096300"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/NCI","award":["U54CA096297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA096297"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/NCI","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PSCC) is associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). The immunohistochemical (IHC) test for p16INK4a (p16) is highly correlated with HR-HPV expression in other SCCs. To investigate whether the expression of p16 IHC or HR-HPV is associated with survival in PSCC, we conducted a single institution analysis of 143 patients with a diagnosis of PSCC and, available tissue were tested for p16 IHC staining patterns, histological subtype, tumor grade, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) by an experienced pathologist. HR-HPV status using the Cobas PCR Assay or the RNAScope high-risk HPV in situ hybridization kit were also assessed. Patient characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics of clinico-pathologic variables. Kaplan\u2013Meier was used to estimate median overall survival (OS), cancer specific survival (CSS) and correlated with HPV, p16, and other study variables. Patients with p16+ tumors had a significantly longer median CSS in comparison to the p16\u2013 group (p = 0.004), with respective 5-year CSS probability of 88% (95% CI; 0.84, 1) versus 58% (95% CI; 0.55, 0.76; p = 0.004). HPV status did not predict survival outcomes. Multivariable analysis with respect to OS and CSS, showed that p16+ status was associated with a lower risk of death (HR = 0.36, 95%CI; 0.20\u20130.67, p = 0.001), and improved CSS (HR = 0.20, 95% CI; 0.07\u20130.54, p = 0.002) after adjusting for covariates. In conclusion, tumor p16 status via IHC was an easy to perform independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS that correlates with HR-HPV expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14246024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T06:55:51Z","timestamp":1670396151000},"page":"6024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Prognostic Significance of p16 and Its Relationship with Human Papillomavirus Status in Patients with Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Results of 5 Years Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jad","family":"Chahoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niki M.","family":"Zacharias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0922-0726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0284-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelita","family":"Alaniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1945-7444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Segarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magaly","family":"Martinez-Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus & Cancer Biology, UPR Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR 00936, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7847-9902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederico Omar","family":"Gleber-Netto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis R.","family":"Pickering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, (Otolaryngology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis A.","family":"Pettaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00246-5","article-title":"Penile cancer","volume":"7","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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