{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:11:55Z","timestamp":1791432715320,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska Curie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["860462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["860462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) could be one consequence of breast cancer (BC). Although several risk factors have been identified, a predictive algorithm still needs to be made available to determine the patient\u2019s risk from an ensemble of clinical variables. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the risk of BCRL by investigating the characteristics of autogenerated clusters of patients. Methods: The dataset under analysis was a multi-centric data collection of twenty-three clinical features from patients undergoing axillary dissection for BC and presenting BCRL or not. The patients\u2019 variables were initially analyzed separately in two low-dimensional embeddings. Afterward, the two models were merged in a bi-dimensional prognostic map, with patients categorized into three clusters using a Gaussian mixture model. Results: The prognostic map represented the medical records of 294 women (mean age: 59.823\u00b112.879 years) grouped into three clusters with a different proportion of subjects affected by BCRL (probability that a patient with BCRL belonged to Cluster A: 5.71%; Cluster B: 71.42%; Cluster C: 22.86%). The investigation evaluated intra- and inter-cluster factors and identified a subset of clinical variables meaningful in determining cluster membership and significantly associated with BCRL biological hazard. Conclusions: The results of this study provide potential insight for precise risk assessment of patients affected by BCRL, with implications in prevention strategies, for instance, focusing the resources on identifying patients at higher risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15020336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T05:31:44Z","timestamp":1672810304000},"page":"336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Algorithm-Based Risk Identification in Patients with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7123-5577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Nascimben","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale \u201cA. Avogadro\u201d, 28100 Novara, Italy"},{"name":"Enginsoft SpA, 35129 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9035-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale \u201cA. Avogadro\u201d, 28100 Novara, Italy"},{"name":"Infrastruttura Ricerca Formazione Innovazione (IRFI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5541-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"de Sire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Gr\u00e6cia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5141-0681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Invernizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale \u201cA. Avogadro\u201d, 28100 Novara, Italy"},{"name":"Infrastruttura Ricerca Formazione Innovazione (IRFI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7785-2282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Rimondini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale \u201cA. Avogadro\u201d, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00864","article-title":"Breast cancer survivorship, quality of life, and late toxicities","volume":"10","author":"Nardin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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