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The Children\u2019s Hepatic tumors International Collaboration (CHIC) database was queried for patients with HB who had AFP levels less than 100 ng\/mL at diagnosis or were historically diagnosed as SCU HBs. Seventy-three of 1605 patients in the CHIC database were originally identified as SCU HB, HB with SCU component, or HB with low AFP levels. Upon retrospective review, they were re-classified as rhabdoid tumors (n = 11), HB with SCU component (n = 41), and HB with low AFP (n = 14). Seven were excluded for erroneously low AFP levels. Overall survival was 0% for patients with rhabdoid tumors, 76% for patients with HB with SCU component, and 64% for patients with HB with AFP less than 100 ng\/mL. Patients with HB with SCU component or low AFP should be assessed for SMARCB1 mutations and, if confirmed, treated as rhabdoid tumors. When rhabdoid tumors are excluded, the presence of SCU component and low AFP at diagnosis were not associated with poor prognosis in patients diagnosed with HB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15020467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T03:11:02Z","timestamp":1673493062000},"page":"467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Outcomes of Patients Treated for Hepatoblastoma with Low Alpha-Fetoprotein and\/or Small Cell Undifferentiated Histology: A Report from the Children\u2019s Hepatic Tumors International Collaboration (CHIC)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Angela D.","family":"Trobaugh-Lotrario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, Providence Sacred Heart Children\u2019s Hospital, Spokane, WA 99204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Maibach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBCSG Coordinating Center, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5139-7552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Aronson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Rangaswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"H\u00e4berle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children\u2019s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison F.","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr. von Hauner Children\u2019s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9649-6498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Onco-Hematology Unit, University of Geneva Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2515-1054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoro","family":"Hishiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6214-9167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarangarajan","family":"Ranganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Alaggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bambino Gesu Children\u2019s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald R.","family":"de Krijger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratory for Childhood Cancer Pathology, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukichi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children\u2019s Medical Center, Yokohama 232-0066, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo-Jin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Vokuhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children\u2019s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Krailo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9179-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiso","family":"Hiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, 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