{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:52:13Z","timestamp":1792183933755,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this prospective study (NCT01595295), 272 patients treated with azacitidine completed 1456 EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaires. Linear mixed-effect modelling was used to incorporate longitudinal data. When compared with a matched reference population, myeloid patients reported more pronounced restrictions in usual activities (+28%, p &lt; 0.0001), anxiety\/depression (+21%, p &lt; 0.0001), selfcare (+18%, p &lt; 0.0001) and mobility (+15%, p &lt; 0.0001), as well as lower mean EQ-5D-5L indices (0.81 vs. 0.88, p &lt; 0.0001), and lower self-rated health on the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) (64 vs. 72%, p &lt; 0.0001). After multivariate-adjustment, (i) the EQ-5D-5L index assessed at azacitidine start the predicted time with clinical benefit (TCB) (9.6 vs. 6.6 months; p = 0.0258; HR = 1.43), time to next treatment (TTNT) (12.8 vs. 9.8 months; p = 0.0332; HR = 1.42) and overall survival (OS) (17.9 vs. 12.9 months; p = 0.0143; HR = 1.52); (ii) Level Sum Score (LSS) predicted azacitidine response (p = 0.0160; OR = 0.451) and the EQ-5D-5L index showed a trend (p = 0.0627; OR = 0.522); (iii) up to 1432 longitudinally assessed EQ-5D-5L response\/clinical parameter pairs revealed significant associations of EQ-5D-5L response parameters with haemoglobin level, transfusion dependence and hematologic improvement. Significant increases of the likelihood ratios were observed after addition of LSS, EQ-VAS or EQ-5D-5L-index to the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) or the revised IPSS (R-IPSS), indicating that they provide added value to these scores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15051388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T01:31:06Z","timestamp":1677115866000},"page":"1388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Health-Related Quality of Life as Assessed by the EQ-5D-5L Predicts Outcomes of Patients Treated with Azacitidine\u2014A Prospective Cohort Study by the AGMT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Pleyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Heibl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"4th Medical Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology, Internistic Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen GmbH, 4600 Wels, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Tinchon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Department for Hemato-Oncology, LKH Hochsteiermark, 8700 Leoben, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Vallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner Private University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1699-9715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Schreder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"1st Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Oncology and Hematology, Klinik Ottakring, Wiener Gesundheitsverbund, 1030 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Melchardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Stute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim Tamara","family":"F\u00f6hrenbach Quiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Leisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Egle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Scagnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"4th Medical Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology, Internistic Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen GmbH, 4600 Wels, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine V, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Beswick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Marketing, Swiss Business School, 8302 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Drost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assign Data Management and Biostatistics GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3169-1900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Larcher-Senn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assign Data Management and Biostatistics GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0176-7989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Grochtdreis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Vaisband","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Hasenauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9775-185X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadja","family":"Zaborsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Laboratory of Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (LIMCR), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4462-3694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Greil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Salzburg Cancer Research Institute (SCRI), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Austria and Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"3rd Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectiology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8993-9561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinhard","family":"Stauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT) Study Group, 1180 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine V, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70003-8","article-title":"Efficacy of azacitidine compared with that of conventional care regimens in the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes: A randomised, open-label, phase III study","volume":"10","author":"Fenaux","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.04.117","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of azacitidine in patients with the myelodysplastic syndrome: A study of the cancer and leukemia group B","volume":"20","author":"Silverman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e135","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30374-4","article-title":"Outcomes of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia treated with non-curative therapies: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Pleyer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"FDA (2022, June 01). Guidance for Industry. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: Use in Medical Product Development to Support Labeling Claims, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/77832\/download."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"FDA (2022, June 01). Core Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cancer Clinical Trials Guidance for Industry\u2014Draft Guidance, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/core-patient-reported-outcomes-cancer-clinical-trials."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"EMA (2022, June 01). Reflection Paper on the Regulatory Guidance for the use of Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Measures in the Evaluation of Medical Products. 27 July 2005. Available online: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/reflection-paper-regulatory-guidance-use-healthrelated-quality-life-hrql-measures-evaluation_en.pdf."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"EMA (2022, June 01). Integrating Patients\u2019 Views in Clinical Studies of Anticancer Medicines. 22 April 2016. Available online: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/news\/integrating-patients-views-clinical-studies-anticancer-medicines."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-03-492884","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: Recommendations from the European LeukemiaNet","volume":"122","author":"Malcovati","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.212217","article-title":"Impact of red blood cell transfusion dose density on progression-free survival in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"105","author":"Crouch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0089-x","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in lower-risk MDS patients compared with age- and sex-matched reference populations: A European LeukemiaNet study","volume":"32","author":"Stauder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-7-81","article-title":"Valuation of transfusion-free living in MDS: Results of health utility interviews with patients","volume":"7","author":"Szende","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"136","article-title":"Quality of life and physicians\u2019 perception in myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"2","author":"Oliva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Blood Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1998.00635.x","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness and quality-of-life assessment of GM-CSF as an adjunct to intensive remission induction chemotherapy in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"100","author":"Lowenberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-31802007000600012","article-title":"Psychosocial, health and demographic characteristics of quality of life among patients with acute myeloid leukemia and malignant lymphoma who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"125","author":"Slovacek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sao Paulo Med. J."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12324","article-title":"Impaired health-related quality of life in acute myeloid leukemia survivors: A single-center study","volume":"93","author":"Leunis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.137","article-title":"Patient-reported quality of life after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation or chemotherapy for acute leukemia","volume":"50","author":"Kurosawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.05.008","article-title":"Which Questionnaire Should Be Used to Measure Quality-of-Life Utilities in Patients with Acute Leukemia? An Evaluation of the Validity and Interpretability of the EQ-5D-5L and Preference-Based Questionnaires Derived from the EORTC QLQ-C30","volume":"19","author":"Redekop","year":"2016","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2018-0842","article-title":"A real-world, cross-sectional, community survey of symptoms and health-related quality of life of adults with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"15","author":"Mamolo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s40487-019-0094-x","article-title":"Real-World Impact of Physician and Patient Discordance on Health-Related Quality of Life in US Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"7","author":"Rider","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol Ther."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02644-w","article-title":"A head-to-head comparison of measurement properties of the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L in acute myeloid leukemia patients","volume":"30","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3542","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32977","article-title":"Validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Leukemia instrument in patients with acute myeloid leukemia who are not candidates for intensive therapy","volume":"126","author":"Peipert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-022-00668-8","article-title":"Venetoclax combinations delay the time to deterioration of HRQoL in unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"12","author":"Pratz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pleyer, L., Dohner, H., Dombret, H., Seymour, J.F., Schuh, A.C., Beach, C.L., Swern, A.S., Burgstaller, S., Stauder, R., and Girschikofsky, M. (2017). Azacitidine for Front-Line Therapy of Patients with AML: Reproducible Efficacy Established by Direct Comparison of International Phase 3 Trial Data with Registry Data from the Austrian Azacitidine Registry of the AGMT Study Group. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18020415"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leisch, M., Pfeilstocker, M., Stauder, R., Heibl, S., Sill, H., Girschikofsky, M., Stampfl-Mattersberger, M., Tinchon, C., Hartmann, B., and Petzer, A. (2022). Adverse Events in 1406 Patients Receiving 13,780 Cycles of Azacitidine within the Austrian Registry of Hypomethylating Agents-A Prospective Cohort Study of the AGMT Study-Group. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14102459"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-03-643544","article-title":"The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia","volume":"127","author":"Arber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.6.2079","article-title":"International scoring system for evaluating prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"89","author":"Greenberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-03-420489","article-title":"Revised international prognostic scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"120","author":"Greenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-019-01054-1","article-title":"Health-related quality of life measured with the EQ-5D-5L: Estimation of normative index values based on a representative German population sample and value set","volume":"20","author":"Grochtdreis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Health. Econ."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-018-0615-8","article-title":"German Value Set for the EQ-5D-5L","volume":"36","author":"Ludwig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00206-5","article-title":"Prognostic value of self-reported fatigue on overall survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Efficace","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-019-0666-7","article-title":"An MDS-specific frailty index based on cumulative deficits adds independent prognostic information to clinical prognostic scoring","volume":"34","author":"Starkman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31193","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes enhance the survival prediction of traditional disease risk classifications: An international study in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"124","author":"Efficace","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2014-000726","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A prospective study to assess the impact of iron chelation therapy","volume":"6","author":"Efficace","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Support Palliat. Care"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2021.1956182","article-title":"Low serum albumin level deteriorates prognosis in azacitidine-treated myelodysplastic syndromes patients\u2014Results of the PALG study \u2018PolAZA\u2019","volume":"26","author":"Madry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23303","article-title":"Hypoalbuminemia is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"87","author":"Komrokji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2018.05.006","article-title":"Prognostic impact of elevated pretreatment serum ferritin in patients with high-risk MDS treated with azacitidine","volume":"65","author":"Laribi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2018.1540783","article-title":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia treated with 5-azacytidine\u2014Results from the Hellenic 5-Azacytidine Registry: Proposal of a new risk stratification system","volume":"60","author":"Diamantopoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019001419","article-title":"Integrating clinical features with genetic factors enhances survival prediction for adults with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"4","author":"Silveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.01392","article-title":"Accuracy of SIE\/SIES\/GITMO Consensus Criteria for Unfitness to Predict Early Mortality After Intensive Chemotherapy in Adults With AML or Other High-Grade Myeloid Neoplasm","volume":"38","author":"Palmieri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e874","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30356-2","article-title":"Bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone with or without daratumumab for transplantation-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (CASSIOPEIA): Health-related quality of life outcomes of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial","volume":"7","author":"Roussel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30449-6","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with metastatic prostate cancer following treatment with cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide (CARD): An analysis of a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 4 study","volume":"21","author":"Fizazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devlin, N., Parkin, D., and Jenssen, B. (2020). Methods for Analysing and Reporting EQ-5D Data, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-47622-9"},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"EuroQol (2004). Measuring Self-Reported Population Health: An International Perspective Based on Eq-5d, Spring Med Publishing."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"EuroQol (2020, December 14). Choosing a Value Set. Available online: https:\/\/euroqol.org\/eq-5d-instruments\/eq-5d-3l-about\/valuation\/choosing-a-value-set\/."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.03.1787","article-title":"The distribution of the EQ-5D-5L index in patients populations","volume":"19","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"EuroQol (2020, December 14). EQ-5D-3L User Guide, Basic Information on How to Use the EQ-5D-3L Instrument, Version 6.0. December 2018. Available online: https:\/\/euroqol.org\/publications\/user-guides\/."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"EuroQol (2020, December 14). EQ-5D-5L User Guide, Basic Information on How to Use the EQ-5D-5L Instrument, Version 3.0. Sept 2019. Available online: https:\/\/euroqol.org\/publications\/user-guides\/."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gerlinger, C., Bamber, L., Leverkus, F., Schwenke, C., Haberland, C., Schmidt, G., and Endrikat, J. (2019). Comparing the EQ-5D-5L utility index based on value sets of different countries: Impact on the interpretation of clinical study results. BMC Res. Notes, 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4067-9"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-019-01069-8","article-title":"A comparison of European, Polish, Slovenian and British EQ-5D-3L value sets using a Hungarian sample of 18 chronic diseases","volume":"20","author":"Zrubka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Health Econ."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-004-0264-z","article-title":"Validating the EQ-5D with time trade off for the German population","volume":"6","author":"Greiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Health Econ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00230.x","article-title":"Comparing the Standard EQ-5D Three-Level System with a Five-Level Version","volume":"11","author":"Janssen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31805371aa","article-title":"Evaluating equivalency between response systems: Application of the Rasch model to a 3-level and 5-level EQ-5D","volume":"45","author":"Pickard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-013-0502-3","article-title":"The development of new research methods for the valuation of EQ-5D-5L","volume":"14","author":"Devlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2014.04.002","article-title":"A Program of Methodological Research to Arrive at the New International EQ-5D-5L Valuation Protocol","volume":"17","author":"Oppe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"NICE (2020, December 22). Position Statement on Use of the EQ-5D-5L Value Set for England (Updated October 2019). Available online: https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/about\/what-we-do\/our-programmes\/nice-guidance\/technology-appraisal-guidance\/eq-5d-5l#:~:text=We%20do%20not%20recommend%20using,set%20for%20reference%2Dcase%20analyses."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huber, M.B., Felix, J., Vogelmann, M., and Leidl, R. (2017). Health-Related Quality of Life of the General German Population in 2015: Results from the EQ-5D-5L. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14040426"},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"173","article-title":"Health Status of the German population: Results of a representative survey using the EuroQol questionnaire","volume":"67","author":"Konig","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gesundheitswesen"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-867061","article-title":"The Quality of Life Questionnaire EQ-5D: Modelling and norm values for the general population","volume":"56","author":"Hinz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom. Med. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0498-2","article-title":"The quality of life questionnaire EQ-5D-5L: Psychometric properties and normative values for the general German population","volume":"23","author":"Hinz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2012.02.008","article-title":"Interim scoring for the EQ-5D-5L: Mapping the EQ-5D-5L to EQ-5D-3L value sets","volume":"15","author":"Janssen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-5-70","article-title":"Estimation of minimally important differences in EQ-5D utility and VAS scores in cancer","volume":"5","author":"Pickard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.03.003","article-title":"Estimation of an Instrument-Defined Minimally Important Difference in EQ-5D-5L Index Scores Based on Scoring Algorithms Derived Using the EQ-VT Version 2 Valuation Protocols","volume":"23","author":"Henry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-10-4149","article-title":"Clinical application and proposal for modification of the International Working Group (IWG) response criteria in myelodysplasia","volume":"108","author":"Cheson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-08-733196","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel","volume":"129","author":"Estey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/15\/5\/1388\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:39:30Z","timestamp":1760121570000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/15\/5\/1388"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers15051388"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers15051388","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]}}}