{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:06:37Z","timestamp":1785459997206,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81700567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81700567"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022CFB122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CFB122"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2042021kf0135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2042021kf0135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei","award":["81700567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81700567"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei","award":["2022CFB122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CFB122"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei","award":["2042021kf0135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2042021kf0135"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Independent Research Project of Wuhan University","award":["81700567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81700567"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Independent Research Project of Wuhan University","award":["2022CFB122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CFB122"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Independent Research Project of Wuhan University","award":["2042021kf0135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2042021kf0135"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Breast cancer (BC) is the world\u2019s second most frequent malignancy and the leading cause of mortality among women. All in situ or invasive breast cancer derives from terminal tubulobular units; when the tumor is present only in the ducts or lobules in situ, it is called ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)\/lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). The biggest risk factors are age, mutations in breast cancer genes 1 or 2 (BRCA1 or BRCA2), and dense breast tissue. Current treatments are associated with various side effects, recurrence, and poor quality of life. The critical role of the immune system in breast cancer progression\/regression should always be considered. Several immunotherapy techniques for BC have been studied, including tumor-targeted antibodies (bispecific antibodies), adoptive T cell therapy, vaccinations, and immune checkpoint inhibition with anti-PD-1 antibodies. In the last decade, significant breakthroughs have been made in breast cancer immunotherapy. This advancement was principally prompted by cancer cells\u2019 escape of immune regulation and the tumor\u2019s subsequent resistance to traditional therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown potential as a cancer treatment. It is less intrusive, more focused, and less damaging to normal cells and tissues. It entails the employment of a photosensitizer (PS) and a specific wavelength of light to create reactive oxygen species. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that PDT combined with immunotherapy improves the effect of tumor drugs and reduces tumor immune escape, improving the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Therefore, we objectively evaluate strategies for their limitations and benefits, which are critical to improving outcomes for breast cancer patients. In conclusion, we offer many avenues for further study on tailored immunotherapy, such as oxygen-enhanced PDT and nanoparticles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15051532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T01:36:09Z","timestamp":1677634569000},"page":"1532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Insight into the Crosstalk between Photodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6151-7041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongzhong","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"},{"name":"Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shichong","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanjuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiliang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengrong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nagarajan, D., and McArdle, S.E.B. 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