{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:56:57Z","timestamp":1792637817771,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: We assessed a wide array of body composition parameters to identify those most relevant as prognostic tools for patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) due to bladder cancer (BC). Methods: In this retrospective, single-center study, preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of 657 patients were measured at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) to determine common body composition indices including sarcopenia, myosteatosis, psoas muscle index (PMI), subcutaneous and visceral fat index (SFI and VFI), visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR), and visceral obesity. Predictors of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were identified in univariate and multivariate survival analysis. Results: Sarcopenia and a low PMI were independently associated with shorter OS (Sarcopenia: HR 1.30; 95% CI 1.02\u20131.66; p = 0.04 and a low PMI: HR 1.32; 95% CI 1.02\u20131.70; p = 0.03) and CSS (Sarcopenia: HR 1.64; 95% CI 1.19\u20132.25; p &lt; 0.01 and a low PMI: HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.02\u20131.96; p = 0.04). Myosteatosis, measured as decreasing average Hounsfield units of skeletal muscle, was an independent risk factor for OS (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97\u20131.00; p = 0.01) and CSS (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96\u20131.00; p &lt; 0.05). The assessed adipose tissue indices were not significant predictors for OS and CSS. Conclusions: Sarcopenia, a low PMI, and myosteatosis are independent predictors for OS and CSS in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15061778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T05:53:44Z","timestamp":1678859624000},"page":"1778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Body Composition of Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: Sarcopenia, Low Psoas Muscle Index, and Myosteatosis Are Independent Risk Factors for Mortality"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Simon U.","family":"Engelmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Pickl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Kaelble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Firsching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8089-3969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miodrag","family":"Gu\u017evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas W. G.","family":"van Rhijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Breyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuterstra\u00dfe 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.09.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Contemporary Update of Risk Factors in 2018","volume":"74","author":"Cumberbatch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. 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