{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T22:43:02Z","timestamp":1787697782524,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The detection of regional lymph node metastases (LNM), in particular significant LNM (\u2265N2), is important to guide treatment decisions in women with breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a coronal pulse sequence as part of pre-operative breast MRI is useful to identify women without significant LNM. Material: Retrospective study between January 2017 and December 2019 on 414 consecutive women with breast cancer who underwent pre-operative breast MRI on a 1.5 T system. For lymph node (LN) staging, a coronal pre-contrast non-fat-suppressed T1-weighted TSE sequence was acquired with the system\u2019s built-in body coil, covering the chest wall; acquisition time 3:12 min. Two radiologists rated the likelihood of LNM on a 3-point scale (absent\/possible\/present). Validation was obtained by histology from sentinel LN biopsy, axillary LN dissection, and\/or PET\/CT. Results: 368\/414 women were staged to have no or non-significant LNM (pN0 in 282\/414, pN1 in 86\/414), and significant LNM (\u2265pN2) in 46\/414. For identification of women with significant LNM, MRI was true-positive in 42\/46, false-negative in 4\/46, true-negative in 327\/368, and false-positive in 41\/83, the latter mostly caused by women with N1-disease (38\/41), yielding an NPV and PPV for significant LNM of 98.8% [95%-CI: 97.0\u2013100%] and 50.6% [43.1\u201358.1%], respectively. Conclusions: A 3 min coronal T1-weighted pulse sequence covering the chest wall as part of pre-operative breast MRI is useful to rule out significant LNM with high NPV. Where MRI staging is positive for significant LNM, additional work-up is indicated to improve the distinction of N1 and N2 disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15061859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T04:33:31Z","timestamp":1679286811000},"page":"1859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Abbreviated MRI for Comprehensive Regional Lymph Node Staging during Pre-Operative Breast MRI"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9503-6676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maike","family":"Bode","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Schrading","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arghavan","family":"Masoumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Morscheid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Schacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timm","family":"Dirrichs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4762-3964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Gaisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9715-7260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elmar","family":"Stickeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8696-2363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane K.","family":"Kuhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-0985-4","article-title":"The American Joint Committee on Cancer: The 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM","volume":"17","author":"Edge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. 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