{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:56:42Z","timestamp":1777597002380,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Locoregional therapy options for CCA are used, in particular, for non-resectable tumors and aim to reduce tumor viability or delay tumor growth and ultimately prolong overall survival. In addition to local ablative procedures such as radiofrequency- or microwave-ablation, transarterial procedures such as transarterial embolization (TAE), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), or selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) play a major role. In particular, in combination with advances in molecular medicine and immunotherapy, there has been a further development in the therapy of primary malignant liver tumors in recent years. In this review, we analyze data from recent studies and examine the implications for therapy of CCA, particularly with regard to the combination of locoregional therapies with modern systemic therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15082368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T01:09:22Z","timestamp":1681866562000},"page":"2368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Update on Locoregional Therapies for Cholangiocellular Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Janna","family":"Morawitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils-Martin","family":"Bruckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Jannusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Kirchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Antoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2799-2287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Loosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6288-8821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Luedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Roderburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Minko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2015-0446","article-title":"Forty-Year Trends in Cholangiocarcinoma Incidence in the U.S.: Intrahepatic Disease on the Rise","volume":"21","author":"Saha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.25087","article-title":"Increasing Incidence and Mortality of Primary Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in the United States","volume":"33","author":"Patel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.02.038","article-title":"Burden of Digestive Diseases in the United States Part III: Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas","volume":"136","author":"Everhart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200110000-00010","article-title":"Staging, Resectability, and Outcome in 225 Patients with Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"234","author":"Jarnagin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. 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