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Despite recent advances in therapeutic options, relapse remains the leading cause of death and poor survival outcomes. New drugs benefit specific small subgroups of patients with actionable therapeutic targets. Thus, finding new targets with greater applicability should be pursued. Olfactory receptors (ORs) are seven transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors preferentially expressed in sensory neurons with a critical role in recognizing odorant molecules. Recent studies have revealed ectopic expression and putative function of ORs in nonolfactory tissues and pathologies, including AML. Here, we investigated OR expression in 151 AML samples, 6400 samples of 15 other cancer types, and 11,200 samples of 51 types of healthy tissues. First, we identified 19 ORs with a distinct and major expression pattern in AML, which were experimentally validated by RT-PCR in an independent set of 13 AML samples, 13 healthy donors, and 8 leukemia cell lines. We also identified an OR signature with prognostic potential for AML patients. Finally, we found cancer-related genes coexpressed with the ORs in the AML samples. In summary, we conducted an extensive study to identify ORs that can be used as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of AML and as potential drug targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15123073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T01:38:41Z","timestamp":1686101921000},"page":"3073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Acute Myeloid Leukemia Expresses a Specific Group of Olfactory Receptors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1789-2768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela D. A.","family":"Guardia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital S\u00edrio-Liban\u00eas, S\u00e3o Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaella G.","family":"Naressi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Transplante de Medula \u00d3ssea, Instituto Nacional do C\u00e2ncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa C.","family":"Buzzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital S\u00edrio-Liban\u00eas, S\u00e3o Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana B.","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Transplante de Medula \u00d3ssea, Instituto Nacional do C\u00e2ncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilana","family":"Zalcberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Transplante de Medula \u00d3ssea, Instituto Nacional do C\u00e2ncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordana","family":"Ramires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Transplante de Medula \u00d3ssea, Instituto Nacional do C\u00e2ncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Malnic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana M.","family":"Gutiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Transplante de Medula \u00d3ssea, Instituto Nacional do C\u00e2ncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4820-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro A. F.","family":"Galante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital S\u00edrio-Liban\u00eas, S\u00e3o Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31041-9","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukaemia","volume":"392","author":"Short","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, March 18). 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