{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:18:37Z","timestamp":1779322717141,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007076","name":"AIRC, Italian Foundation for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007076","name":"AIRC, Italian Foundation for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF GR-2019-12368592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF GR-2019-12368592"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007076","name":"AIRC, Italian Foundation for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["l. 232\/2016, art. 1, commi 314\u2013337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["l. 232\/2016, art. 1, commi 314\u2013337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Italian Minister of University MUR Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023-2027","award":["22082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22082"]}]},{"name":"Italian Minister of University MUR Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023-2027","award":["RF GR-2019-12368592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF GR-2019-12368592"]}]},{"name":"Italian Minister of University MUR Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023-2027","award":["l. 232\/2016, art. 1, commi 314\u2013337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["l. 232\/2016, art. 1, commi 314\u2013337"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The myelodysplastic syndromes\/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS\/MPN) category comprises a varied group of myeloid neoplastic diseases characterized by clinical and pathologic overlapping features of both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative neoplasms. For these reasons, these tumors are challenging in terms of diagnosis. The recent World Health Organization (WHO) 2022 classification and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) made changes in the classification of MDS\/MPN compared to the previous 2016 WHO classification and improved the diagnostic criteria of these entities. The aim of this review is to describe the main entities reported in the more recent classifications, focusing on chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), MDS\/MPN with neutrophilia (or atypical CML [aCML]), and MDS\/MPN with SF3B1 mutation and thrombocytosis\/MDS\/MPN with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis. A particular emphasis is given to the differential diagnosis and analysis of subtle divergences and semantic differences between the WHO classification and the ICC for these entities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15123175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T02:01:40Z","timestamp":1686708100000},"page":"3175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Myelodysplastic Syndromes\/Myeloproliferative Overlap Neoplasms and Differential Diagnosis in the WHO and ICC 2022 Era: A Focused Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1633-6310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diletta","family":"Fontana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5576-5412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena M.","family":"Elli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Division and Bone Marrow Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9625-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Pagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4198-9620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rocco","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"},{"name":"Hematology Division and Bone Marrow Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2008.119","article-title":"The myelodysplastic\/myeloproliferative neoplasms: Myeloproliferative diseases with dysplastic features","volume":"22","author":"Orazi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-03-643544","article-title":"The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia","volume":"127","author":"Arber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01613-1","article-title":"The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Myeloid and Histiocytic\/Dendritic Neoplasms","volume":"36","author":"Khoury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022015850","article-title":"International Consensus Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemias: Integrating morphologic, clinical, and genomic data","volume":"140","author":"Arber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26828","article-title":"Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic\/myeloproliferative neoplasm, not otherwise specified: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management","volume":"98","author":"Patnaik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. 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