{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T01:46:52Z","timestamp":1783648012493,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, biological and radiological responses to, and tolerability of, conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) using streptozocin for unresectable neuroendocrine liver metastases. Patients and Methods: A total of 52 patients with predominant liver disease were treated with cTACE using an emulsion of streptozocin, Lipiodol and embolization particles. A sequential approach was favored in patients with high liver tumor burden. Clinical, biological and radiological responses were evaluated using carcinoid symptoms, biomarkers and mRecist criteria, respectively. Results: A total of 127 procedures were performed with a sequential approach in 65% of patients. All patients received streptozocin and Lipiodol. Carcinoid syndrome was improved in 69% of patients after treatment (p = 0.01). Post-embolization syndrome was reported in 78% of patients. At the end of all cTACE, objective response and non-progressive disease were 32% and 70%, respectively. Progression-free survival was 18.3 \u00b1 13.3 months (median 14.9) and median overall survival (OS) from start of treatment was 74 months. The OS at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 5 years was 91% (IC = 84\u201399%), 84% (CI = 72\u201395%), 69% (CI = 53\u201384%) and 63% (C = 46\u201381%), respectively. Conclusions: cTACE using streptozocin is an effective and well-tolerated palliative option for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases, associated with prolonged survival and delayed time to progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15164021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T12:38:59Z","timestamp":1691498339000},"page":"4021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Conventional Transarterial Chemo embolization Using Streptozocin in Patients with Unresectable Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Audrey","family":"Fohlen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology, Caen University Medical Center, 14033 Caen, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Imaging & Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer & Brain Tissue UMR 6030 GIP CYCERON \u201cISTCT-CERVOxy\u201d, Normandie Caen University, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remi","family":"Beaudouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology, Caen University Medical Center, 14033 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7242-0245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnaud","family":"Alv\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Digestive Surgery, Caen University Medical Center, 14033 Caen, France"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment \u201cANTICIPE\u201d, Inserm Unity UMR 1086, Normancy Caen University, Calvados General Tumor Registry, Centre Fran\u00e7ois Baclesse, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Bouhier-Leporrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Caen University Medical Center, 14033 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Pasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riemser Pharma, 92120 Montrouge, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Pelage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology, Caen University Medical Center, 14033 Caen, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Imaging & Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer & Brain Tissue UMR 6030 GIP CYCERON \u201cISTCT-CERVOxy\u201d, Normandie Caen University, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70362-0","article-title":"Recommendations for management of patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases","volume":"15","author":"Frilling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4<813::AID-CNCR19>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"An analysis of 8305 cases of carcinoid tumors","volume":"79","author":"Modlin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0014","article-title":"The diagnosis and medical management of advanced neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"25","author":"Kaltsas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr. 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