{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:59:09Z","timestamp":1788447549983,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyperthermia combined with intraperitoneal (IP) drug delivery is increasingly used in the treatment of peritoneal metastases (PM). Hyperthermia enhances tumor perfusion and increases drug penetration after IP delivery. The peritoneum is increasingly recognized as an immune-privileged organ with its own distinct immune microenvironment. Here, we review the immune landscape of the healthy peritoneal cavity and immune contexture of peritoneal metastases. Next, we review the potential benefits and unwanted tumor-promoting effects of hyperthermia and the associated heat shock response on the tumor immune microenvironment. We highlight the potential modulating effect of hyperthermia on the biomechanical properties of tumor tissue and the consequences for immune cell infiltration. Data from translational and clinical studies are reviewed. We conclude that (mild) hyperthermia and HIPEC have the potential to enhance antitumor immunity, but detailed further studies are required to distinguish beneficial from tumor-promoting effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15174314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T08:51:14Z","timestamp":1693299074000},"page":"4314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of Hyperthermia and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion on the Peritoneal and Tumor Immune Contexture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9936-1225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daryl K. A.","family":"Chia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0096-2798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse","family":"Demuytere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Structure and Repair, Experimental Surgery Lab, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Structure and Repair, Experimental Surgery Lab, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5398-4646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hooman","family":"Salavati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Structure and Repair, Experimental Surgery Lab, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7692-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wim","family":"Ceelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Structure and Repair, Experimental Surgery Lab, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-1247-5_4","article-title":"Peritoneal-plasma barrier","volume":"82","author":"Jacquet","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. 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