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Moreover, we analyzed the corpus by posing explicit questions aimed at providing high-quality and actionable insights, including: \u201cWhat should researchers think about when starting a segmentation study?\u201d, \u201cHow can research practices in medical image segmentation be improved?\u201d, \u201cWhat is missing from the current corpus?\u201d, and more. This allowed us to provide practical guidelines on how to conduct a good segmentation study in today\u2019s competitive environment that will be useful for future research within the field, regardless of the specific radiotherapeutic subfield. To aid in our analysis, we used the large language model ChatGPT to condense information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15174389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T02:43:20Z","timestamp":1693795400000},"page":"4389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Automatic Segmentation with Deep Learning in Radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1008-3466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars Johannes","family":"Isaksson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5085-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Summers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6580-6767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Mastroleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 20188 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5339-8038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Marvaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5757-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Corrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7830-3149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Giulia","family":"Vincini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4655-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattia","family":"Zaffaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9785-5248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ceci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Petralia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Precision Imaging and Research Unit, Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Orecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Directorate, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara Alicja","family":"Jereczek-Fossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-7-32","article-title":"3D Variation in Delineation of Head and Neck Organs at Risk","volume":"7","author":"Brouwer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiat. 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