{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T04:31:36Z","timestamp":1777005096018,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical and patient-reported outcomes of children and adolescents with intracranial meningioma treated with pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBS-PT). Material and methods: Out of a total cohort of 207 intracranial meningioma patients treated with PBS-PT between 1999 and 2022, 10 (4.8%) were children or adolescents aged &lt; 18 years. Median age was 13.9 years (range, 3.2\u201317.2). Six (60%) children were treated as primary treatment (postoperative PT, n = 4; exclusive PT, n = 2) and four (40%) at the time of tumor recurrence. Acute and late toxicities were registered according to Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (CTCAE). Quality of life (QoL) before PBS-PT was assessed using PEDQOL questionnaires. Educational, functional, and social aspects after PT were assessed through our in-house developed follow-up surveys. Median follow-up time was 71.1 months (range, 2.5\u2013249.7), and median time to last questionnaire available was 37.6 months (range, 5.75\u2013112.6). Results: Five (50%) children developed local failure (LF) at a median time of 32.4 months (range, 17.7\u201355.4) after PBS-PT and four (80%) were considered in-field. One patient died of T-cell lymphoma 127.1 months after PBS-PT. Estimated 5-year local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) rates were 19.4% and 100.0%, respectively. Except for one patient who developed a cataract requiring surgery, no grade \u22653 late toxicities were reported. Before PT, patients rated their QoL lower than their parents in most domains. During the first year after PT, one child required educational support, one needed to attend to a special school, one had social problems and another three children required assistance for daily basic activities (DBA). Three years after PT, only one child required assistance for DBA. Conclusions: The outcome of children with intracranial meningioma treated with PBS-PT is in line with other centers who have reported results of radiation therapy delivered to this particular patient group. This therapy provides acceptable functional status profiles with no high-grade adverse radiation-induced events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15184447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T10:09:50Z","timestamp":1694081390000},"page":"4447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quality of Life, Clinical, and Patient-Reported Outcomes after Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy Delivered for Intracranial Grade WHO 1\u20132 Meningioma in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Garc\u00eda-Marqueta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9686-5802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinhardt","family":"Krcek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike L.","family":"Kliebsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Baust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7535-1751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominic","family":"Leiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"van Heerden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Pica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7893-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Calaminus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien C.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Z\u00fcrich, 8091 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noz150","article-title":"CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2012\u20132016","volume":"21","author":"Ostrom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"x1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou223","article-title":"Alex\u2019s Lemonade Stand Foundation Infant and Childhood Primary Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2007\u20132011","volume":"16","author":"Ostrom","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov297","article-title":"American Brain Tumor Association Adolescent and Young Adult Primary Brain and 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