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We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify potential candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that contribute to PONV by utilizing whole-genome genotyping arrays with more than 950,000 markers. The subjects were 806 patients who provided written informed consent and underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia with propofol or desflurane. The GWAS showed that two SNPs, rs2776262 and rs140703637, in the LOC100506403 and CNTN5 gene regions, respectively, were significantly associated with the frequency of nausea. In another GWAS conducted only on patients who received propofol, rs7212072 and rs12444143 SNPs in the SHISA6 and RBFOX1 gene regions, respectively, were significantly associated with the frequency of nausea as well as the rs2776262 SNP, and the rs45574836 and rs1752136 SNPs in the ATP8B3 and LOC105370198 gene regions, respectively, were significantly associated with vomiting. Among these SNPs, clinical and SNP data were available for the rs45574836 SNP in independent subjects who underwent laparoscopic gynecological surgery, and the association was replicated in these subjects. These results indicate that these SNPs could serve as markers that predict the vulnerability to PONV. Our findings may provide valuable information for achieving satisfactory prophylactic treatment for PONV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15194729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T08:58:17Z","timestamp":1695718697000},"page":"4729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Candidate Variants Associated with Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8286-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Nishizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryozo","family":"Morino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anesthesiology, Koujinkai Daiichi Hospital, Tokyo 125-0041, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seii","family":"Ohka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Kasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junko","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Ebata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Sumikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Hayashida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, East Hokkaido Hospital, Kushiro 085-0036, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8342-0278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004833","article-title":"Fourth consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting","volume":"131","author":"Gan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth. 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