{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:28:28Z","timestamp":1791509308133,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["K01AI163412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI163412"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","award":["K01AI163412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI163412"]}]},{"name":"Melanoma SPORE Career Enhancement Program Award","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"Melanoma SPORE Career Enhancement Program Award","award":["K01AI163412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI163412"]}]},{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Institutional Research Grant, Division of Internal Medicine Development Award","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Institutional Research Grant, Division of Internal Medicine Development Award","award":["K01AI163412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI163412"]}]},{"name":"Survivorship Seed Money Award","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"Survivorship Seed Money Award","award":["K01AI163412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI163412"]}]},{"name":"Prioritizing Research Innovation and Mentoring Excellence Award","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"Prioritizing Research Innovation and Mentoring Excellence Award","award":["K01AI163412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI163412"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) challenge the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We performed a retrospective study to evaluate response to infliximab for immune-related adverse event management, and infliximab\u2019s effect on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) with a focus on melanoma and genitourinary cancers. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of all cancer patients exposed to infliximab after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment from 2004 to 2021 at the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Survival was assessed utilizing the Kaplan\u2013Meier method. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was utilized to evaluate predictors of infliximab response, OS, and PFS. Results: We identified 185 cancer patients (93 melanoma and 37 genitourinary cancers) treated with ICI and who received infliximab to treat irAEs. Within 3 months of treatment initiation, 71% of the patients responded to infliximab, 27% had no response, and 2% had unknown response. Among different irAEs, colitis was associated with increased response to infliximab at 3 months, irrespective of the type of malignancy. We evaluated best tumor response before and after infliximab in the entire cohort and again in the melanoma and genitourinary (GU); the findings were similar in the melanoma cohort and the entire cohort, where best tumor response before and after infliximab was not significantly different. In the melanoma cohort, acute kidney injury (AKI) was associated with increased risk of death, p = 0.0109, and having response to infliximab was associated with decreased risk of death, p = 0.0383. Interestingly in GU cancer patients, myositis was associated with increased risk of death, p = 0.0041, and having a response to infliximab was marginally associated with decreased risk of death, p = 0.0992. As regards PFS, in a multivariate Cox regression model, having a history of cardiovascular disease remained significantly associated with shorter PFS in the melanoma cohort. For patients with GU cancers, response to infliximab was associated with longer PFS. Conclusions: Our study is among the largest retrospective analyses of infliximab use for irAE management. Patients with colitis were the best responders to infliximab. AKI before initiation of infliximab in the melanoma subcohort and myositis in GU subcohort are associated with higher risk of death. Our results indicate no association between infliximab and cancer progression with the exception of genitourinary cancers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15215181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T11:57:56Z","timestamp":1698407876000},"page":"5181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Infliximab for Treatment of Immune Adverse Events and Its Impact on Tumor Response"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6338-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishnupriyadevi","family":"Parvathareddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9347-2933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umut","family":"Selamet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditi A.","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1242-2740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Mamlouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1468, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8688-4104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juhee","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valda D.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1468, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maen","family":"Abdelrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Academic Medicine and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77479, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adi","family":"Diab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noha","family":"Abdel-Wahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut 71515, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5813-6299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ala","family":"Abudayyeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1468, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1136","article-title":"Nivolumab in Resected and Unresectable Metastatic Melanoma: Characteristics of Immune-Related Adverse Events and Association with Outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. 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