{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:43:59Z","timestamp":1791902639515,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003010","name":"Ege University Office of Scientific Research Projects","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-Dent 016\/ID: 367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-Dent 016\/ID: 367"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of Candida sp. in the development of oral cancer remains uncertain and requires sensitive analytical approaches for clarification. Given the invasive capabilities of these microorganisms in penetrating and invading host tissues through hyphal invasion, this study sought to detect the presence of five Candida sp. in oral biopsy tissue samples from non-smoker patients. Samples were obtained from patients at varying stages of oral carcinogenesis, including dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, OSCC, and histologically benign lesions, and analyzed using Real-Time PCR. Oral tissue samples from 80 patients (46 males and 34 females) were included. Significantly higher C. albicans presence was detected in the mild\/moderate dysplasia group compared to the healthy (p = 0.001), carcinoma in situ (p = 0.031) and OSCC groups (p = 0.000). Similarly, C. tropicalis carriage was higher in tissues with mild\/moderate dysplasia compared to healthy (p = 0.004) and carcinoma in situ (p = 0.019). Our results showed a significant increase in the presence of C. albicans and C. tropicalis within the mild\/moderate dysplasia group compared to other cohorts. Coexistence of these two microorganisms was observed, suggesting a potential transition from a commensal state to an opportunistic pathogen, which could be particularly linked to the onset of oral neoplasia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15215251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T03:29:33Z","timestamp":1698809373000},"page":"5251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Real-Time PCR Detection of Candida Species in Biopsy Samples from Non-Smokers with Oral Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Cancer: A Retrospective Archive Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3123-3272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bet\u00fcl","family":"\u0130lhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, 35040 \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1400-6377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caner","family":"Vural","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, 20160 Denizli, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4101-4965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ceyda","family":"G\u00fcrhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man University, 48000 Mu\u011fla, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cansu","family":"Vural","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Ege University, 35040 \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Veral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35040 \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7580-2409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Wilder-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7577-4233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcven","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Ege University, 35040 \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pelin","family":"G\u00fcneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, 35040 \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moorhouse, A.J., Moreno-Lopez, R., Gow, N.A.R., and Hijazi, K. 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