{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T13:46:29Z","timestamp":1775137589588,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Center","award":["NCC2110351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCC2110351"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, proton beam therapy (PBT) has gathered attention for improving outcomes and reducing toxicities in various cancers; however, the evidence for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is lacking. Our study retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of PBT for ESCC patients at a single institute. The patients treated with PBT between November 2015 and February 2022 were included in the study, excluding those with distant metastases or those that had undertaken prior treatment for esophageal cancer (EC). The 3 year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were calculated based on stage grouping. The patterns of failure, salvage treatment outcomes, and toxicity profiles were analyzed. The median follow-up was 35.1 months, and 132 patients were analyzed. The 3 year OS and PFS rates for the stages I, II, and III disease cases were 81.0%, 62.9%, and 51.3%; and 70.6%, 71.8%, and 39.8%, respectively. Nineteen patients presented isolated local progression, ten patients underwent appropriate salvage procedures, and nine were successfully salvaged. One patient with isolated regional progression was also salvaged. No cases of grade \u2265 4 lymphopenia were observed. One patient had grade 4 pericardial effusion and esophageal fistula. For the patients with ESCC, PBT is an effective treatment in terms of the survival outcomes and toxicities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15235524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T08:47:43Z","timestamp":1700642863000},"page":"5524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Treatment Outcomes of Proton Beam Therapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma at a Single Institute"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8966-1779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Sang","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Ho","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0180-189X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngjoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2579-2791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beung-Chul","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Yeul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastric Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8381-9836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-Gun","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joo-Hyun","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moon Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Mog","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5098-4544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin-Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-3385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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