{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T01:09:12Z","timestamp":1773882552487,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82172487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172487"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82172485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172485"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["81972059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972059"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SZS2022017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZS2022017"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020WSB08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020WSB08"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Suzho","award":["82172487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172487"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Suzho","award":["82172485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172485"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Suzho","award":["81972059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972059"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Suzho","award":["SZS2022017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZS2022017"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Suzho","award":["2020WSB08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020WSB08"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)","award":["82172487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172487"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)","award":["82172485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172485"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)","award":["81972059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972059"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)","award":["SZS2022017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZS2022017"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)","award":["2020WSB08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020WSB08"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Grant of NCRCH","award":["82172487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172487"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Grant of NCRCH","award":["82172485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172485"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Grant of NCRCH","award":["81972059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972059"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Grant of NCRCH","award":["SZS2022017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZS2022017"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Grant of NCRCH","award":["2020WSB08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020WSB08"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cells (CAR Ts) targeting CD19 have shown unprecedented prognosis in treating hematological cancers. However, the lack of a tumor-specific antigen as the target and an inhospitable tumor environment limit the clinical application of CAR T in solid tumors. Tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) exhibit diverse T cell receptor clonality and superior tumor-homing abilities. Therefore, in our study, human CD19-target TIL CAR-Ts armed with CD3\u03b6 and 4-1BB signaling domains were constructed. Mouse colorectal cancer CT26 cells expressing human CD19 (hCD19+-CT26) were developed to assess the anti-tumor activity of TIL CAR-T cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Compared with splenic CAR T adoptive transfer, TIL CAR-T administration showed superior tumor suppression ability in hCD19+-CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, more T cells were found at the tumor site and had lower exhaustion-related inhibitory receptor (T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3, Tim3) expression and higher immune memory molecule (CD62L) expression. Overall, we provided an artificial tumor-specific antigen in solid tumors and demonstrated that combined CAR-expressing TIL-Ts (TIL CAR-Ts) exhibited strong anti-tumor activity, with improved T cell infiltration and immune memory. Our humanized tumor antigen presented platform of mice suggests that TIL CAR-T-based adoptive therapy could be a promising strategy for solid cancer treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15235567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T06:51:28Z","timestamp":1700808688000},"page":"5567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["TIL-Derived CAR T Cells Improve Immune Cell Infiltration and Survival in the Treatment of CD19-Humanized Mouse Colorectal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Can","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaheng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1399, Market West Road, Shengze Town, Suzhou 215000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yida","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liqian","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2174\/1389201019666180418095526","article-title":"CAR T-cell Therapy: A New Era in Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"19","author":"Miliotou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. 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