{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:25:52Z","timestamp":1788542752409,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Late relapse, beyond 2 years following alloHSCT for AML, is rare. Among the 376 patients allografted for AML in our center between 1990 and 2016, 142 (38%) relapsed. The majority (68%) of relapses occurred during the first year following transplantation. Beyond 2 years after alloHSCT, relapse was observed in 26 patients, representing 6.9% of the whole transplanted cohort and 18.3% of the relapsing patients. Cytogenetics at relapse was available in 21 patients and remained for 15 of them concordant to that at diagnosis. The majority (85.7%) of the patients were in CR prior to transplant. Thirteen patients had grade 1\u20132 acute GvHD, while 13 other patients had grade 3\u20134 acute GvHD. None of these patients subsequently developed chronic GvHD. In multivariate analyses, a predictive factor of the absence of relapse 2 years after transplantation was the development of extensive chronic GVHD. Salvage therapy achieved new CR in 77% of these patients. We conclude that late relapse can affect a significant minority of patients allografted for AML, and the intensity of the conditioning regimen does not seem to have an impact on these relapses. Moreover, we were able to show that those patients can receive effective salvage therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16071419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T10:04:17Z","timestamp":1712311457000},"page":"1419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Late Relapse after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients Treated for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Relapse Incidence, Characteristics, Role of Conditioning Regimen, and Outcome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6227-8540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Antier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6915-6570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Jullien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7600-3329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Tessoulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Loirat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-6686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Peterlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Garnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amandine","family":"Le Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3142-5581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrice","family":"Chevallier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5482-8565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry","family":"Guillaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, H\u00f4tel-Dieu, F-44903 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0171-z","article-title":"Epidemiology and Biology of Relapse After Stem Cell Transplantation","volume":"53","author":"Horowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-01032-9","article-title":"Predicting non-relapse mortality following allo-geneic hematopoietic cell transplantation during first remission of acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"56","author":"Yanada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.11.007","article-title":"Survival of patients with acute myeloid leukemia relapsing after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: A center for international blood and marrow transplant research study","volume":"21","author":"Bejanyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. 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