{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:09:06Z","timestamp":1760144946472,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy, so the optimal radiotherapy (RT) dose remains unestablished. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dose-escalated RT for primary tracheobronchial ACC. We retrospectively reviewed 48 patients who had undergone definitive or postoperative RT. Patients classified into the low- and high-dose groups received RT doses &lt;70.0 and \u226570.0 Gy in EQD2, respectively. The primary endpoint was freedom from local progression (FFLP) and overall survival (OS). Throughout the follow-up period, seven patients (14.6%) experienced local progression, while 31 (64.6%) exhibited distant metastasis, most commonly in the lungs. In total, the 5-year FFLP and OS rates were 85.7 and 84.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that regional lymph node metastasis at diagnosis and receipt of definitive RT were associated with poorer OS. In the subgroup analysis, the definitive RT group had a 5-year FFLP rate of 33.3 and 78.2% in the low- and high-dose groups (p = 0.065), whereas 5-year OS rates were 66.7 and 79.0%, respectively (p = 0.022). Four patients (8.3%) experienced Grade 3 toxicity with tracheal or main bronchus stenosis. Dose-escalated RT with conventional fractionation may be effective in patients with tracheobronchial ACC, especially for a definitive aim.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16112127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T03:51:45Z","timestamp":1717386705000},"page":"2127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy for Primary Tracheobronchial Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jeong Ha","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3167-0635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Yun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3897-6127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Myoung","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2262-997X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyungmi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongryull","family":"Pyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/107327480601300406","article-title":"Tracheobronchial gland tumors","volume":"13","author":"Gaissert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23048","article-title":"Primary salivary gland-type lung cancer: Spectrum of clinical presentation, histopathologic and prognostic factors","volume":"110","author":"Molina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.05.064","article-title":"Long-term survival after resection of primary adenoid cystic and squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea and carina","volume":"78","author":"Gaissert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. 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