{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:02:46Z","timestamp":1784034166967,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PP210026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP210026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","award":["PP210026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP210026"]}]},{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the high tobacco use rates (~80%) and tobacco-related cancers being the second leading cause of death among people experiencing homelessness within the United States, these individuals rarely receive tobacco use treatment from homeless-serving agencies (HSAs). This qualitative study explored the enablers and inhibitors of implementing an evidence-based tobacco-free workplace (TFW) program offering TFW policy adoption, specialized provider training to treat tobacco use, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) within HSAs. Pre- and post-implementation interviews with providers and managers (n = 13) pursued adapting interventions to specific HSAs and assessed the program success, respectively. The organizational readiness for change theory framed the data content analysis, yielding three categories: change commitment, change efficacy and contextual factors. Pre- to post-implementation, increasing challenges impacted the organizational capacity and providers\u2019 attitudes, wherein previously enabling factors were reframed as inhibiting, resulting in limited implementation despite resource provision. These findings indicate that low-resourced HSAs require additional support and guidance to overcome infrastructure challenges and build the capacity needed to implement a TFW program. This study\u2019s findings can guide future TFW program interventions, enable identification of agencies that are well-positioned to adopt such programs, and facilitate capacity-building efforts to ensure their successful participation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16112162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T08:45:37Z","timestamp":1717663537000},"page":"2162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enablers and Inhibitors to Implementing Tobacco Cessation Interventions within Homeless-Serving Agencies: A Qualitative Analysis of Program Partners\u2019 Experiences"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0073-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Martinez Leal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5639-2646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ammar D.","family":"Siddiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5701-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Rogova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3561-1832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maggie","family":"Britton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4312-7258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzuan A.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological, Health & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX 77204, USA"},{"name":"Health Research Institute, The University of Houston, 4349 Martin Luther King Blvd., Houston, TX 77204, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integral Care, 1430 Collier Street, Austin, TX 78704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integral Care, 1430 Collier Street, Austin, TX 78704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7165-5720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorraine R.","family":"Reitzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"CDC (2024, June 03). 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