{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T21:29:35Z","timestamp":1774819775209,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Craniopharyngiomas continue to present a challenge in clinical practice due to their heterogeneity and unpredictable adherence to vital neurovascular structures, particularly the hypothalamus. This results in different degrees of hypothalamus\u2013pituitary axis dysfunction and a lack of uniform consensus and treatment guidelines regarding optimal management. MRI and CT are complementary techniques in the preoperative diagnostic phase, enabling the precise definition of craniopharyngioma size, shape, and consistency, as well as guiding classification into histopathological subtypes and topographical categories. Meanwhile, MRI plays a crucial role in the immediate postoperative period and follow-up stages by identifying treatment-related changes and residual tumors. This pictorial essay aims to provide an overview of the role of imaging in identifying variables indicative of the adherence degree to the hypothalamus, hypothalamic\u2013pituitary dysfunction, the extent of surgical excision, and prognosis. For a more comprehensive assessment, we choose to distinguish the following two scenarios: (1) the initial diagnosis phase, where we primarily discuss the role of radiological variables predictive of adhesions to the surrounding neurovascular structures and axis dysfunction which may influence the choice of surgical resection; (2) the early post-treatment follow-up phase, where we discuss the interpretation of treatment-related changes that impact outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16142532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T08:35:17Z","timestamp":1721032517000},"page":"2532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Topography and Radiological Variables as Ancillary Parameters for Evaluating Tissue Adherence, Hypothalamic\u2013Pituitary Dysfunction, and Recurrence in Craniopharyngioma: An Integrated Multidisciplinary Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4517-3477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosalinda","family":"Calandrelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"D\u2019Apolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0801-0380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matia","family":"Martucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4657-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Schiarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giammaria","family":"Marziali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Varcasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-3944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Ausili Cefaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Chiloiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pituitary Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone Antonio","family":"De Sanctis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pituitary Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Serioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7438-0734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Doglietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1681-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Gaudino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-005-1190-9","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Craniopharyngiomas","volume":"21","author":"Prabhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Childs Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0002","article-title":"Craniopharyngiomas","volume":"27","author":"Karavitaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Feingold, K.R., Anawalt, B., Blackman, M.R., Boyce, A., Chrousos, G., Corpas, E., de Herder, W.W., Dhatariya, K., Dungan, K., and Hofland, J. (2000). Craniopharyngiomas. 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