{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T19:32:54Z","timestamp":1768073574085,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"John &amp; Carol Walter Family Foundation","award":["3P30CA086862-22S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3P30CA086862-22S1"]}]},{"name":"Holden Cancer Center Support Grant","award":["3P30CA086862-22S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3P30CA086862-22S1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Growing evidence suggests that many patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIUC) can undergo bladder-sparing management with salvage intravesical therapies. However, inherent or developed disease resistance, particularly after multiple lines of prior salvage therapy, implores the continued pursuit of new treatment combinations. Herein, we describe the outcomes of 26 patients (31 treated units; 24 lower tract, 7 upper tract) with high-risk NMIUC treated with sequential intravesical gemcitabine and cabazitaxel with concomitant intravenous pembrolizumab (GCP) at the University of Iowa from August 2020 to February 2023. Median (IQR) follow-up was 30 (IQR: 17\u201335) months. Treated units had a history of high-risk NMIUC with a median of four prior endoluminal inductions. Overall, 87% of units presented with CIS or positive urine cytology. The 1- and 2-year recurrence-free survival was 77% (CI: 58\u201388%) and 52% (CI: 30\u201370%), respectively. The 2-year progression-free and cancer-specific survival was 70% (CI: 44\u201385%) and 96% (CI: 75\u201399%), respectively. In total, 22\/26 (85%) patients reported any adverse event and 5\/26 (19%) reported a grade \u22653 adverse event; however, all patients tolerated a full induction course. These results suggest that GCP is an effective and tolerable treatment option for patients with recurrent high-risk NMIUC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16142561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T08:48:29Z","timestamp":1721206109000},"page":"2561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sequential Endoluminal Gemcitabine and Cabazitaxel with Intravenous Pembrolizumab as a Bladder-Preserving Strategy for Docetaxel-Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma Following Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9991-4301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian M.","family":"McElree","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8397-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vignesh T.","family":"Packiam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan L.","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3141-6474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen Y.","family":"Hougen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Mott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Abou Chakra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9480-2626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yousef","family":"Zakharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7202-6427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael A.","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"},{"name":"Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.06.049","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: AUA\/SUO Guideline","volume":"196","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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