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OCT has been proposed and explored in the literature as a tool to assess oral cancer status, select biopsy sites, or identify surgical margins. Our endoscopic OCT device can generate widefield (centimeters long) imaging of lesions at any location in the oral cavity\u2014but it is challenging for raters to quantitatively assess and score large volumes of data. Leveraging a previously developed epithelial segmentation network, this work develops quantifiable biomarkers that provide direct measurements of tissue properties in three dimensions. We hypothesize that features related to morphology, tissue attenuation, and contrast between tissue layers will be able to provide a quantitative assessment of disease status (dysplasia through carcinoma). This work retrospectively assesses seven biomarkers on a lesion-contralateral matched OCT dataset of the lateral and ventral tongue (40 patients, 70 sites). Epithelial depth and loss of epithelial\u2013stromal boundary visualization provide the strongest discrimination between disease states. The stroma optical attenuation coefficient provides a distinction between benign lesions from dysplasia and carcinoma. The stratification biomarkers visualize subsurface changes, which provides potential for future utility in biopsy site selection or treatment margin delineation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16152751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T13:14:42Z","timestamp":1722604482000},"page":"2751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Imaging Biomarkers of Oral Dysplasia and Carcinoma Measured with In Vivo Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1739-642X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanie","family":"Malone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 251-2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0497-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chloe","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Tanskanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 251-2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 350-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samson","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 350-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calum","family":"MacAulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, G227-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine F.","family":"Poh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 350-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6370-4182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre M.","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 251-2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"},{"name":"School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. 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