{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:52:57Z","timestamp":1789174377853,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Penn State Children\u2019s Hospital Four Diamonds Childhood Cancer Innovation funding"},{"name":"CGB"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The incidence rate of early onset-cancer (&lt;50) has increased since 1995. Among younger people, cancers in AYAs (aged 15\u201339 y) are often biologically distinct tumors from those treated in the pediatric and older adult population. The current study describes trends in the United States for the most recent years including the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic. We aimed to describe the recent incidence and mortality trends of cancers in AYAs (aged 15\u201339 y). (2) Methods: We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER 22) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2021. Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were assessed by SEER*Stat 8.4.3 for major cancer types by sex, race\/ethnicity, age, and metropolitan\/nonmetropolitan status. Time trends of age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were examined by sex and metropolitan\/nonmetropolitan status. (3) Results: Age-adjusted overall cancer incidence and mortality rates were stable during this study period. The age-adjusted incidence rates declined significantly for ependymoma, melanoma, carcinomas of lung, bronchus, and trachea, unspecified malignant neoplasms, and non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. Significant increases were found for gastrointestinal tract cancers and non-Kaposi sarcomas. The age-adjusted mortality rate decreased for acute myeloid leukemia, melanoma, carcinomas of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, kidney and, in women, leukemia. For some cancers, rates differed by sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Monitoring the rates and time trends of AYA cancer emphasizes the distinct health concern for this age group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16183153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T10:56:57Z","timestamp":1726484217000},"page":"3153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Trends in Cancer Incidence and Mortality in US Adolescents and Young Adults, 2016\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4953-7012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Tobacco and Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0867-423X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua E.","family":"Muscat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Tobacco and Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6488-7809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vernon M.","family":"Chinchilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrika G.","family":"Behura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children\u2019s Hospital, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2328171","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.28171","article-title":"Patterns in Cancer Incidence Among People Younger Than 50 Years in the US, 2010 to 2019","volume":"6","author":"Koh","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. 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