{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:35:44Z","timestamp":1789734944284,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,22]],"date-time":"2024-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Cancer Research\u2014NICR","award":["LX22NPO5102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5102"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Cancer Research\u2014NICR","award":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004644"]}]},{"name":"European Union-Next Generation EU","award":["LX22NPO5102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5102"]}]},{"name":"European Union-Next Generation EU","award":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004644"]}]},{"name":"Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Finnish Cancer Organizations, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Novo Nordisk Foundation, P\u00e4ivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation","award":["LX22NPO5102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5102"]}]},{"name":"Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Finnish Cancer Organizations, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Novo Nordisk Foundation, P\u00e4ivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation","award":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004644"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common hematological malignancy with highly variable clinical presentation. Many patients never require any treatment but for the others, chemotherapy, immunochemotherapy, and newer targeted therapies have changed the treatment landscape. Diagnostic age influences the applied treatment, and we thus wanted to analyze age-specific survival trends through 50 years up to 2020s. Methods: We used 1- and 5-year relative survival from the NORDCAN database, with data from Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO), and Sweden (SE). Because of the variable presentation of CLL, we also considered incidence and mortality trends. For comparison, US SEER data were used. Results: The large age-specific survival differences in 1972\u201376 almost disappeared by 2017\u201321. While 5-year survival in younger patients exceeded 90%, for those diagnosed at age 80\u201389 years, survival reached 90% in DK and SE women, 80% in NO and SE men, but only 50% in FI. DK 5-year overall survival for men was 92.4%, and for women, it was 96.3%. These survival figures were higher than age-group-specific US survival data. Conclusions: The DK data are probably global top figures for national survival which could be achieved by boosting survival even among the oldest patients. The qualification to these figures and international comparisons is that survival needs to be considered in terms of incidence, which is high in DK and NO. Low survival of the FI 80\u201389-year-old patients, even in the first year after diagnosis, may suggest delayed diagnosis, which should call for a closer national scrutiny.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16183229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T09:15:07Z","timestamp":1727082907000},"page":"3229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Complex Relationships between Diagnostics and Survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2769-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kari","family":"Hemminki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frantisek","family":"Zitricky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9857-4728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asta","family":"F\u00f6rsti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hopp Children\u2019s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 72076 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4562-9606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuija","family":"Tapaninen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00029 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7103-8530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akseli","family":"Hemminki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Juliusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Center, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten Utoft","family":"Niemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1908213","article-title":"Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","volume":"383","author":"Burger","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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