{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:47:13Z","timestamp":1790146033199,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,29]],"date-time":"2024-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bayer Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Abiraterone acetate, apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide, which make up the androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies (ARATs) drug class, are commonly used in the management of prostate cancer. Many patients on ARATs also receive oral antithrombotic therapy (i.e., anticoagulants or antiplatelets). The concomitant use of ARATs and antithrombotic therapies creates the potential for clinically relevant drug\u2013drug interactions, but the literature regarding the actual consequences of these interactions, and guidance for co-prescribing, is limited. We assembled a multidisciplinary panel of experts and provided them with clinical information derived from a comprehensive literature review regarding the drug\u2013drug interactions between ARATs and antithrombotic therapies. Methods: A three-stage modified electronic Delphi process was used to gather and consolidate opinions from the panel. Each stage consisted of up to three rounds of voting to achieve consensus on which ARAT\/antithrombotic therapy drug pairs warrant attention, the possible clinical consequences of drug\u2013drug interactions, and suggested actions for management. Results: The panel achieved consensus to avoid 11 ARAT\/antithrombotic therapy drug pairs and modify therapy for eight pairs. Assessments relied heavily on pharmacokinetic data and extrapolation from drug\u2013drug interaction studies of similarly metabolized drugs. Conclusions: This e-Delphi process highlights the need for further research into the clinical impact of ARAT\/antithrombotic drug interactions. Nonetheless, the suggested actions aim to provide clinicians with a practical framework for therapeutic decision making.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16193336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T05:45:27Z","timestamp":1727675127000},"page":"3336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Drug Interactions between Androgen Receptor Axis-Targeted Therapies and Antithrombotic Therapies in Prostate Cancer: Delphi Consensus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9996-0663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kori","family":"Leblanc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"},{"name":"Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott J.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Care Program, Eastern Health, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John\u2019s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Dranitsaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1968-169X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darryl P.","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamilton Health Sciences, Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8296-2972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Carrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo A.","family":"Rendon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS B3H 3A7, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1Y6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison M.","family":"Bond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Troy D.","family":"Sitland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1Y6, Canada"},{"name":"The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, NB E1C 4B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawel","family":"Zalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Durham Regional Cancer Centre, Oshawa, ON L1G 2B9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer Inc., Mississauga, ON L4W 5R6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3178-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urban","family":"Emmenegger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E601","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.212097","article-title":"Projected estimates of cancer in Canada in 2022","volume":"194","author":"Brenner","year":"2022","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2023, June 30). 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