{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T19:06:18Z","timestamp":1788375978688,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Cancer Center","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"Paula and Rodger Riney Foundation Translational Research Award","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"DKMS John Hansen Research Grant","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung)","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"Stiftung Forschung hilft","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"BMBF SaxoCell Cluster for Future","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2_CSP_2022-27"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["13N15986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15986"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["TRR338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR338"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["03ZU1111BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03ZU1111BA"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["101016909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101016909"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["754658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754658"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["853988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853988"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["945393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945393"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment remains challenging due to its relapsed\/refractory disease course as well as intra- and inter-patient heterogeneity. Cellular immunotherapies, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), mark a major breakthrough, achieving long-lasting remissions and instilling hope for a potential cure. While ongoing clinical trials are increasingly driving approved cellular products towards earlier lines of therapy, novel targets as well as advanced approaches employing natural killer (NK) cells or dendritic cell (DC) vaccines are currently under investigation. Treatment resistance, driven by tumor-intrinsic factors such as antigen escape and the intricate dynamics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), along with emerging side effects such as movement and neurocognitive treatment-emergent adverse events (MNTs), are the major limitations of approved cellular therapies. To improve efficacy and overcome resistance, cutting-edge research is exploring strategies to target the microenvironment as well as synergistic combinatorial approaches. Recent advances in CAR-T cell production involve shortened manufacturing protocols and \u201coff-the-shelf\u201d CAR-T cells, aiming at decreasing socioeconomic barriers and thereby increasing patient access to this potential lifesaving therapy. In this review, we provide an extensive overview of the evolving field of cellular therapies for MM, underlining the potential to achieve long-lasting responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16223867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T06:06:54Z","timestamp":1731996414000},"page":"3867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cellular Therapies for Multiple Myeloma: Engineering Hope"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3857-4635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Vera-Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1643-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Jornet Culubret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7936-7937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verena","family":"Konetzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Alb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4276-2268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina R.","family":"Friedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2280-2202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hudecek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Zelltherapie und Immunologie (IZI), Au\u00dfenstelle Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-0819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermann","family":"Einsele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Danhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0912-1808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Scheller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II und Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Zellul\u00e4re Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik II, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Interdisziplin\u00e4res Zentrum f\u00fcr Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4065\/78.1.21","article-title":"Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma","volume":"78","author":"Kyle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25791","article-title":"Multiple Myeloma: 2020 Update on Diagnosis, Risk-Stratification and Management","volume":"95","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2582","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070389","article-title":"Clinical Course and Prognosis of Smoldering (Asymptomatic) Multiple Myeloma","volume":"356","author":"Kyle","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22140-0","article-title":"Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Progressive versus Stable Myeloma Precursor Conditions as Two Distinct Entities","volume":"12","author":"Oben","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3844","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48091-w","article-title":"The Genomic Landscape of Vk*MYC Myeloma Highlights Shared Pathways of Transformation between Mice and Humans","volume":"15","author":"Maura","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01130-7","article-title":"Positive Selection as the Unifying Force for Clonal Evolution in Multiple Myeloma","volume":"35","author":"Diamond","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-023-00852-4","article-title":"Conditional Survival in Multiple Myeloma and Impact of Prognostic Factors over Time","volume":"13","author":"Abdallah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-021-00524-1","article-title":"Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Results from the Connect\u00ae MM Registry","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13083","article-title":"Rapidly Changing Myeloma Epidemiology in the General Population: Increased Incidence, Older Patients, and Longer Survival","volume":"101","author":"Turesson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019agostino, M., Bertamini, L., Oliva, S., Boccadoro, M., and Gay, F. (2019). Pursuing a Curative Approach in Multiple Myeloma: A Review of New Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11122015"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2022.109168","article-title":"NK Cell Therapy in Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"246","author":"Roshandel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verheye, E., Melgar, J.B., Deschoemaeker, S., Raes, G., Maes, A., De Bruyne, E., Menu, E., Vanderkerken, K., Laoui, D., and De Veirman, K. (2022). Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020904"},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2024, August 12). FDA Approves First Cell-Based Gene Therapy for Adult Patients with Multiple Myeloma|FDA, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-approves-first-cell-based-gene-therapy-adult-patients-multiple-myeloma."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(2024, August 12). FDA D.I.S.C.O. Burst Edition: FDA Approval of CARVYKTI (Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel) for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma After Four or More Prior Lines of Therapy, Including a Proteasome Inhibitor, an Immunomodulatory Agent, and an Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody|FDA, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/resources-information-approved-drugs\/fda-disco-burst-edition-fda-approval-carvykti-ciltacabtagene-autoleucel-treatment-adult-patients."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215134","article-title":"Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cells for Acute Lymphoid Leukemia","volume":"368","author":"Grupp","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707447","article-title":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma","volume":"377","author":"Neelapu","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazinani, M., and Rahbarizadeh, F. (2022). CAR-T Cell Potency: From Structural Elements to Vector Backbone Components. Biomark. Res., 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-022-00417-w"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-021-00593-1","article-title":"CAR T Cell Therapy as a Promising Approach in Cancer Immunotherapy: Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"44","author":"Akhoundi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-018-0325-1","article-title":"Teaching an Old Dog New Tricks: Next-Generation CAR T Cells","volume":"120","author":"Tokarew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-190612","article-title":"CD70 CAR NK Cells in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma","volume":"142","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03879.x","article-title":"Anti-Myeloma Activity of Natural Killer Lymphocytes","volume":"119","author":"Frohn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4766","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-1320","article-title":"Multiple Myeloma Impairs Bone Marrow Localization of Effector Natural Killer Cells by Altering the Chemokine Microenvironment","volume":"75","author":"Ponzetta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-021-00365-x","article-title":"CXCR4 and Anti-BCMA CAR Co-Modified Natural Killer Cells Suppress Multiple Myeloma Progression in a Xenograft Mouse Model","volume":"29","author":"Ng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1274","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1274","article-title":"CAR-NK Cells: The next Wave of Cellular Therapy for Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Daher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2020002547","article-title":"Next-Generation Cell Therapies: The Emerging Role of CAR-NK Cells","volume":"2020","author":"Basar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-018-2405-7","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma","volume":"107","author":"Tamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.10.2992","article-title":"Dendritic Cells from Patients with Myeloma Are Numerically Normal but Functionally Defective as They Fail to Up-Regulate CD80 (B7-1) Expression after HuCD40LT Stimulation Because of Inhibition by Transforming Growth Factor-\u03921 and Interleukin-10","volume":"98","author":"Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21560","article-title":"Idiotype-Pulsed Antigen Presenting Cells Following Autologous Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma May Be Associated with Prolonged Survival","volume":"84","author":"Lacy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021005941","article-title":"Langerhans Dendritic Cell Vaccine Bearing MRNA-Encoded Tumor Antigens Induces Antimyeloma Immunity After Autotransplant","volume":"6","author":"Chung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-013-1438-2","article-title":"Immunogenicity of Dendritic Cells Pulsed with MAGE3, Survivin and B-Cell Maturation Antigen MRNA for Vaccination of Multiple Myeloma Patients","volume":"62","author":"Hobo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-04-277137","article-title":"Vaccination with Dendritic Cell\/Tumor Fusion Cells Results in Cellular and Humoral Antitumor Immune Responses in Patients with Multiple Myeloma","volume":"117","author":"Rosenblatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3640","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-0282","article-title":"Vaccination with Dendritic Cell\/Tumor Fusions Following Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Induces Immunologic and Clinical Responses in Multiple Myeloma Patients","volume":"19","author":"Rosenblatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024850","article-title":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"384","author":"Munshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7441","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2022-162615","article-title":"KarMMa-2 Cohort 2c: Efficacy and Safety of Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Patients with Clinical High-Risk Multiple Myeloma Due to Inadequate Response to Frontline Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation","volume":"140","author":"Dhodapkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2022-162469","article-title":"KarMMa-2 Cohort 2a: Efficacy and Safety of Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Clinical High-Risk Multiple Myeloma Patients with Early Relapse after Frontline Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation","volume":"140","author":"Usmani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213614","article-title":"Ide-Cel or Standard Regimens in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"388","author":"Ailawadhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"TPS8053","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.TPS8053","article-title":"KarMMa-4: Idecabtagene Vicleucel (Ide-Cel, Bb2121), a BCMA-Directed CAR T-Cell Therapy in High-Risk Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma","volume":"39","author":"Usmani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01530-z","article-title":"Long-Term Remission and Survival in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma after Treatment with LCAR-B38M CAR T Cells: 5-Year Follow-up of the LEGEND-2 Trial","volume":"17","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8009","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.8009","article-title":"CARTITUDE-1 Final Results: Phase 1b\/2 Study of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in Heavily Pretreated Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"41","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2023.12.054","article-title":"The Phase 2 Cartitude-2 Trial: Updated Efficacy and Safety of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in Patients with Multiple Myeloma and 1\u20133 Prior Lines of Therapy (Cohort A) and with Early Relapse after First Line Treatment (Cohort B)","volume":"30","author":"Hillengass","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplant. Cell. Ther."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2303379","article-title":"Cilta-Cel or Standard Care in Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"389","author":"Dhakal","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-180828","article-title":"ARI0002h (Cesnicabtagene Autoleucel), an Academic Point-of-Care B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA)-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Strategy: Activity and Safety after Fractionated Initial Therapy and Booster Dose in 60 Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"142","author":"Reguera","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8504","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.8504","article-title":"Orvacabtagene Autoleucel (Orva-Cel), a B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA)-Directed CAR T Cell Therapy for Patients (Pts) with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM): Update of the Phase 1\/2 EVOLVE Study (NCT03430011)","volume":"38","author":"Mailankody","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4845","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-184373","article-title":"Three-Year Follow-up on Efficacy and Safety Results from Phase 1 Lummicar Study 1 of Zevorcabtagene Autoleucel in Chinese Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"142","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-139802","article-title":"Results from Lummicar-2: A Phase 1b\/2 Study of Fully Human B-Cell Maturation Antigen-Specific CAR T Cells (CT053) in Patients with Relapsed and\/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"136","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3479","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-182430","article-title":"Early Safety Results of P-BCMA-ALLO1, a Fully Allogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T), in Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)","volume":"142","author":"Dholaria","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8004","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.8004","article-title":"Updated Phase I Study Results of PHE885, a T-Charge Manufactured BCMA-Directed CAR-T Cell Therapy, for Patients (Pts) with r\/r Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)","volume":"41","author":"Sperling","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8025","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.8025","article-title":"CT103A, a Novel Fully Human BCMA-Targeting CAR-T Cells, in Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Updated Results of Phase 1b\/2 Study (FUMANBA-1)","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007210","article-title":"Phase 1 Study of CART-DdBCMA for the Treatment of Subjects with Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"7","author":"Frigault","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-129088","article-title":"T Cells Expressing an Anti-B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) Chimeric Antigen Receptor with a Fully-Human Heavy-Chain-Only Antigen Recognition Domain Induce Remissions in Patients with Relapsed Multiple Myeloma","volume":"134","author":"Mikkilineni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2209900","article-title":"GPRC5D-Targeted CAR T Cells for Myeloma","volume":"387","author":"Mailankody","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7511","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.7511","article-title":"OriCAR-017, a Novel GPRC5D-Targeting CAR-T, in Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Long Term Follow-up Results of Phase 1 Study (POLARIS)","volume":"42","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-181857","article-title":"BMS-986393 (CC-95266), a G Protein-Coupled Receptor Class C Group 5 Member D (GPRC5D)-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM): Updated Results from a Phase 1 Study","volume":"142","author":"Bal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2022-160038","article-title":"Results from the First Phase 1 Clinical Study of the B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) Nex T Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Therapy CC-98633\/BMS-986354 in Patients (Pts) with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)","volume":"140","author":"Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02182-7","article-title":"Allogeneic BCMA-Targeting CAR T Cells in Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Phase 1 UNIVERSAL Trial Interim Results","volume":"29","author":"Mailankody","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6699","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-006699","article-title":"Limited Efficacy of APRIL CAR in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Indicate Challenges in the Use of Natural Ligands for CAR T-Cell Therapy","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27853-w","article-title":"A BAFF Ligand-Based CAR-T Cell Targeting Three Receptors and Multiple B Cell Cancers","volume":"13","author":"Wong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e191","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(22)00378-7","article-title":"CYAD-01, an Autologous NKG2D-Based CAR T-Cell Therapy, in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes or Multiple Myeloma (THINK): Haematological Cohorts of the Dose Escalation Segment of a Phase 1 Trial","volume":"10","author":"Sallman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duan, D., Wang, K., Wei, C., Feng, D., Liu, Y., He, Q., Xu, X., Wang, C., Zhao, S., and Lv, L. (2021). The BCMA-Targeted Fourth-Generation CAR-T Cells Secreting IL-7 and CCL19 for Therapy of Refractory\/Recurrent Multiple Myeloma. Front. Immunol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.609421"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e751","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(24)00176-5","article-title":"Anti-BCMA\/GPRC5D Bispecific CAR T Cells in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Single-Arm, Single-Centre, Phase 1 Trial","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47801-8","article-title":"Bispecific CAR T Cell Therapy Targeting BCMA and CD19 in Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Phase I\/II Trial","volume":"15","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-023-02065-x","article-title":"Bispecific CS1-BCMA CAR-T Cells Are Clinically Active in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4586","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2022-166994","article-title":"Interim Phase I Clinical Data of FT576 As Monotherapy and in Combination with Daratumumab in Subjects with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"140","author":"Dhakal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4575","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-3987","article-title":"Survivin Dendritic Cell Vaccine Safely Induces Immune Responses and Is Associated with Durable Disease Control after Autologous Transplant in Patients with Myeloma","volume":"29","author":"Freeman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4784","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-0235","article-title":"Randomized Phase II Trial of Dendritic Cell\/Myeloma Fusion Vaccine with Lenalidomide Maintenance after Upfront Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: BMT CTN 1401","volume":"29","author":"Chung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-024-00913-y","article-title":"Just Scratching the Surface: Novel Treatment Approaches for Multiple Myeloma Targeting Cell Membrane Proteins","volume":"21","author":"Neri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2023.2276676","article-title":"BCMA CAR-T Cells in Multiple Myeloma\u2013Ready for Take-Off?","volume":"65","author":"Scheller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Leuk. Lymphoma"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01365","article-title":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel for Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Real-World Experience from the Myeloma CAR T Consortium","volume":"41","author":"Hansen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00933-8","article-title":"Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel, a B-Cell Maturation Antigen-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (CARTITUDE-1): A Phase 1b\/2 Open-Label Study","volume":"398","author":"Berdeja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00842","article-title":"Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel, an Anti-B-Cell Maturation Antigen Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy, for Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: CARTITUDE-1 2-Year Follow-Up","volume":"41","author":"Martin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03084-6","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Nonrelapse Mortality after CAR T Cell Therapy","volume":"30","author":"Tix","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Chen, W., Fu, C., Fang, B., Liang, A., Xia, Z., He, Y., Lu, J., Liu, H., Hou, M., and Cai, Z. (2024, August 15). Phase 2 Study of Fully Human BCMA-Targeting CAR-T cells (Zevorcabtagene autoleucel) in Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Available online: https:\/\/library.ehaweb.org\/eha\/2024\/eha2024-congress\/422313\/wenming.chen.phase.2.study.of.fully.human.bcma-targeting.car-t.cells.html?f=menu%3D6%2Abrowseby%3D8%2Asortby%3D2%2Ace_id%3D2552%2Aot_id%3D29201%2Amarker%3D5099%2Afeatured%3D18527."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4854","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-181394","article-title":"Long-Term Follow-up of Fully Human BCMA-Targeting CAR (CT103A) in Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"142","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_74","unstructured":"Chen, L.-J., Shao, X., Jin, Y., Li, P., Zhang, R., Xu, Y., Shi, Q., Zeng, H., Zhu, Y., and Guan, C. (2024, August 15). Eque-cel, a Novel Fully Human BCMA-Targeting CAR-T Therapy in Patients with High Risk Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. Available online: https:\/\/library.ehaweb.org\/eha\/2024\/eha2024-congress\/422310\/lijuan.chen.eque-cel.a.novel.fully.human.bcma-targeting.car-t.therapy.in.html?f=menu%3D6%2Abrowseby%3D8%2Asortby%3D2%2Ace_id%3D2552%2Aot_id%3D29201%2Amarker%3D5099%2Afeatured%3D18527."},{"key":"ref_75","unstructured":"Frigault, M.J., Rosenblatt, J., Dhakal, B., Raje, N., Cook, D., Gaballa, M., Emmanuel-Alejandro, E., Nissen, D., Bannerjee, K., and Rotte, A. (2024, August 16). Phase 1 Study of Anitocabtagene Autoleucel for the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed and\/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Results from at Least 1-Year Follow-Up in All Patients. Available online: https:\/\/library.ehaweb.org\/eha\/2024\/eha2024-congress\/422311\/matthew.frigault.phase.1.study.of.anitocabtagene.autoleucel.for.the.treatment.html?f=menu%3D6%2Abrowseby%3D8%2Asortby%3D2%2Ace_id%3D2552%2Aot_id%3D29201%2Amarker%3D5099%2Afeatured%3D18527."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-023-00966-9","article-title":"GPRC5D as a Novel Target for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Narrative Review","volume":"14","author":"Pillarisetti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaau7746","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau7746","article-title":"GPRC5D Is a Target for the Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma with Rationally Designed CAR T Cells","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e107","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(22)00372-6","article-title":"GPRC5D CAR T Cells (OriCAR-017) in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (POLARIS): A First-in-Human, Single-Centre, Single-Arm, Phase 1 Trial","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02491-5","article-title":"Mechanisms of Antigen Escape from BCMA- or GPRC5D-Targeted Immunotherapies in Multiple Myeloma","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2838","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-04-778423","article-title":"SLAMF7-CAR T Cells Eliminate Myeloma and Confer Selective Fratricide of SLAMF7+ Normal Lymphocytes","volume":"130","author":"Gogishvili","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41434-021-00254-w","article-title":"CARAMBA: A First-in-Human Clinical Trial with SLAMF7 CAR-T Cells Prepared by Virus-Free Sleeping Beauty Gene Transfer to Treat Multiple Myeloma","volume":"28","author":"Prommersberger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-021-03209-4","article-title":"Engineering the next Generation of CAR-NK Immunotherapies","volume":"114","author":"Rezvani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06438-7","article-title":"Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Based Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy in Cancer: From Bench to Bedside","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-142750","article-title":"FT576: Multi-Specific Off-the-Shelf CAR-NK Cell Therapy Engineered for Enhanced Persistence, Avoidance of Self-Fratricide and Optimized Mab Combination Therapy to Prevent Antigenic Escape and Elicit a Deep and Durable Response in Multiple Myeloma","volume":"136","author":"Goodridge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vu, S.H., Pham, H.H., Thi, T., Pham, P., Le, T.T., Vo, M.-C., Jung, S.-H., Lee, J.-J., and Nguyen, X.-H. (2023). Adoptive NK Cell Therapy\u2014A Beacon of Hope in Multiple Myeloma Treatment. Front. Oncol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1275076"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001294","article-title":"Sipuleucel-T Immunotherapy for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer","volume":"363","author":"Kantoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Q., and Greene, M.I. (2024). Survivin as a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Human Cancer. Cancers, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16091705"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-1722","article-title":"CD8 + Tcells Reactive to Survivin Antigen in Patients with Multiple Myeloma","volume":"13","author":"Grube","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-015-0065-1","article-title":"Survivin-Specific CD4+ T Cells Are Decreased in Patients with Survivin-Positive Myeloma","volume":"3","author":"Locke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20230903","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20230903","article-title":"CAR-T Cell Manufacturing: Major Process Parameters and next-Generation Strategies","volume":"221","author":"Khericha","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2024.03.003","article-title":"CAR-T Cell Expansion Platforms Yield Distinct T Cell Differentiation States","volume":"26","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2023.03.012","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of BCMA CAR-T Cell Therapy in Older Patients With Multiple Myeloma","volume":"29","author":"Reyes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant. Cell. Ther."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2016.05.009","article-title":"Automated Manufacturing of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy Using CliniMACS Prodigy","volume":"18","author":"Mock","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.14076","article-title":"CAR-T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Heading For?","volume":"112","author":"Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3864","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2021-146646","article-title":"Phase I Study of PHE885, a Fully Human BCMA-Directed CAR-T Cell Therapy for Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Manufactured in <2 Days Using the T-Charge TM Platform","volume":"138","author":"Sperling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e84060bf","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HS9.0000972512.53497.1f","article-title":"Updated Results of a Phase I, Open-Label Study of BCMA\/CD19 Dual-Targeting FasTCAR-T GC012F for Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)","volume":"7","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"TPS8063","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.TPS8063","article-title":"A First-in-Human Phase 1, Multicenter, Open-Label Study of CB-011, a next-Generation CRISPR-Genome Edited Allogeneic Anti-BCMA Immune-Cloaked CAR-T Cell Therapy, in Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (CAMMOUFLAGE Trial)","volume":"41","author":"Berdeja","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.12.004","article-title":"Detection of Chromosomal Alteration after Infusion of Gene-Edited Allogeneic CAR T Cells","volume":"31","author":"Sasu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-022-01377-0","article-title":"Frequent Aneuploidy in Primary Human T Cells after CRISPR\u2013Cas9 Cleavage","volume":"40","author":"Nahmad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaba7365","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba7365","article-title":"CRISPR-Engineered T Cells in Patients with Refractory Cancer","volume":"367","author":"Stadtmauer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-022-00541-1","article-title":"Prime Editing for Precise and Highly Versatile Genome Manipulation","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindo, L., Wilkinson, L.H., and Hay, K.A. (2020). Befriending the Hostile Tumor Microenvironment in CAR T-Cell Therapy. Front. Immunol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.618387"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2022.03.009","article-title":"CAR T Cell Therapy and the Tumor Microenvironment: Current Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"25","author":"Sirpilla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncolytics"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.02.022","article-title":"Accessories to the Crime: Functions of Cells Recruited to the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"21","author":"Hanahan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0238-1","article-title":"A Framework for Advancing Our Understanding of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts","volume":"20","author":"Sahai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021012811","article-title":"Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in the Bone Marrow Prevents Resistance to CART-Cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma","volume":"139","author":"Sakemura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monteran, L., and Erez, N. (2019). The Dark Side of Fibroblasts: Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as Mediators of Immunosuppression in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front. Immunol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01835"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2343","article-title":"How Regulatory T Cells Work","volume":"8","author":"Vignali","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alabanza, L.M., Xiong, Y., Vu, B., Webster, B., Wu, D., Hu, P., Zhu, Z., Dropulic, B., and Dash, P. (2022). Armored BCMA CAR T Cells Eliminate Multiple Myeloma and Are Resistant to the Suppressive Effects of TGF-\u03b2. Front. Immunol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.832645"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7509","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43416-7","article-title":"Anti-TACI Single and Dual-Targeting CAR T Cells Overcome BCMA Antigen Loss in Multiple Myeloma","volume":"14","author":"Larson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-024-01019-5","article-title":"A Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor of CD73 Triggers Immune-Mediated Multiple Myeloma Cell Death","volume":"14","author":"Ray","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01245-5","article-title":"Homozygous BCMA Gene Deletion in Response to Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma","volume":"27","author":"Dietrich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-1421","article-title":"Preclinical Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptors Targeting CD70-Expressing Cancers","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-07-034017","article-title":"Engineered Anti-CD70 Antibody with Multiple Effector Functions Exhibits In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activities","volume":"109","author":"Mcearchern","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kasap, C., Izgutdina, A., Pati\u00f1o-Escobar, B., Kang, A., Chilakapati, N., Akagi, N., Johnson, H., Rashid, T., Werner, J., and Barpanda, A. (2024). Targeting High-Risk Multiple Myeloma Genotypes with Optimized Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells. bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.02.24.581875"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0307","article-title":"Phase 1 Trial of Autologous CAR T Cells Targeting NKG2D Ligands in Patients with AML\/MDS and Multiple Myeloma","volume":"7","author":"Baumeister","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2010.174","article-title":"Treatment of Multiple Myeloma with Adoptively Transferred Chimeric NKG2D Receptor-Expressing T Cells","volume":"18","author":"Barber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3931","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-129998","article-title":"Next Generation NKG2D-Based CAR T-Cells (CYAD-02): Co-Expression of a Single ShRNA Targeting MICA and MICB Improves Cell Persistence and Anti-Tumor Efficacy in Vivo","volume":"134","author":"Fontaine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3844","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-128267","article-title":"Interim Results from the Phase I Deplethink Trial Evaluating the Infusion of a NKG2D CAR T-Cell Therapy Post a Non-Myeloablative Conditioning in Relapse or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients","volume":"134","author":"Purev","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_120","first-page":"IJH39","article-title":"Adhesion Molecules in Multiple Myeloma Oncogenesis and Targeted Therapy Practice Points","volume":"11","author":"Nasr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4418","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007059","article-title":"CD38 as a Pan-Hematologic Target for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells","volume":"7","author":"Diorio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4431","article-title":"The Activated Conformation of Integrin \u03927 Is a Novel Multiple Myeloma-Specific Target for CAR T Cell Therapy","volume":"23","author":"Hosen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26792","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Targeting CD138 with a Chimeric Antigen Receptor for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van der Schans, J.J., van de Donk, N.W.C.J., and Mutis, T. (2020). Dual Targeting to Overcome Current Challenges in Multiple Myeloma CAR T-Cell Treatment. Front. Oncol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01362"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-44873-4","article-title":"Bispecific BCMA\/CD24 CAR-T Cells Control Multiple Myeloma Growth","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03285-y","article-title":"B-Cell Maturation Antigen Targeting Strategies in Multiple Myeloma Treatment, Advantages and Disadvantages","volume":"20","author":"Nobari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2023.101095","article-title":"Failure of CAR-T Cell Therapy in Relapsed and Refractory Large Cell Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma: An Urgent Unmet Need","volume":"60","author":"Franz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2035","article-title":"T Cell Exhaustion","volume":"12","author":"Wherry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0549-5","article-title":"Enhanced CAR T Cell Expansion and Prolonged Persistence in Pediatric Patients with ALL Treated with a Low-Affinity CD19 CAR","volume":"25","author":"Ghorashian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3596","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-0159","article-title":"Affinity-Tuned ErbB2 or EGFR Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Exhibit an Increased Therapeutic Index against Tumors in Mice","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.09.004","article-title":"Structural Design of Engineered Costimulation Determines Tumor Rejection Kinetics and Persistence of CAR T Cells","volume":"28","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01658-z","article-title":"Harnessing CD3 Diversity to Optimize CAR T Cells","volume":"24","author":"Brandl","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.4504","article-title":"Implications of High Tumor Burden on Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy: A Review","volume":"10","author":"Ventin","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8658","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52666-y","article-title":"GLUT1 Overexpression in CAR-T Cells Induces Metabolic Reprogramming and Enhances Potency","volume":"15","author":"Guerrero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2023.102614","article-title":"Novel Targets for Immune-Checkpoint Inhibition in Cancer","volume":"120","author":"Borgeaud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2748","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0407","article-title":"A Phase i Trial of Regional Mesothelin-Targeted Car t-Cell Therapy in Patients with Malignant Pleural Disease, in Combination with the Anti\u2013Pd-1 Agent Pembrolizumab","volume":"11","author":"Adusumilli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.1089","article-title":"Phase I Clinical Trial of MUC1-Targeted CAR-T Cells with PD-1-Knockout in the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"42","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3131876","article-title":"Interleukin-2: Inception, Impact, and Implications","volume":"240","author":"Smith","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.07.018","article-title":"IL-15 Preconditioning Augments CAR T Cell Responses to Checkpoint Blockade for Improved Treatment of Solid Tumors","volume":"28","author":"Giuffrida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13125","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24442","article-title":"IL-21 Modulates Memory and Exhaustion Phenotype of T-Cells in a Fatty Acid Oxidation-Dependent Manner","volume":"9","author":"Loschinski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0466","article-title":"IL15 Enhances CAR-T Cell Antitumor Activity by Reducing MTORC1 Activity and Preserving Their Stem Cell Memory Phenotype","volume":"7","author":"Alizadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-431718","article-title":"IL-7 and IL-15 Instruct the Generation of Human Memory Stem T Cells from Naive Precursors","volume":"121","author":"Cieri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.01.002","article-title":"Inosine Induces Stemness Features in CAR-T Cells and Enhances Potency","volume":"42","author":"Klysz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afrough, A., Abraham, P.R., Turer, L., Kaur, G., Sannareddy, A., Hansen, D.K., and Anderson, L.D. (2024). Toxicity of CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma. Acta Haematol., 1\u201315.","DOI":"10.1159\/000539134"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00547-6","article-title":"Cytokine Release Syndrome and Associated Neurotoxicity in Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Morris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferreri, C.J., and Bhutani, M. (2024). Mechanisms and Management of CAR T Toxicity. Front. Oncol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1396490"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3978","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01992","article-title":"Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy: ASCO Guideline","volume":"39","author":"Santomasso","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2020.04.020","article-title":"Myeloma CAR-T CRS Management With IL-1R Antagonist Anakinra","volume":"20","author":"Jatiani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5956","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-005956","article-title":"Dasatinib for Treatment of CAR T-Cell Therapy-Related Complications","volume":"10","author":"Baur","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-0698","article-title":"Endothelial Activation and Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Disruption in Neurotoxicity after Adoptive Immunotherapy with CD19 CAR-T Cells","volume":"7","author":"Gust","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-024-00764-7","article-title":"Targeting TGF\u03b2-Activated Kinase-1 Activation in Microglia Reduces CAR T Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Vinnakota","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-022-00629-1","article-title":"Incidence and Management of CAR-T Neurotoxicity in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in CARTITUDE Studies","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01564-7","article-title":"Neurocognitive and Hypokinetic Movement Disorder with Features of Parkinsonism after BCMA-Targeting CAR-T Cell Therapy","volume":"27","author":"Aleman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1002\/hem3.131","article-title":"Parkinson-like Neurotoxicity in Female Patients Treated with Idecabtagene-vicleucel","volume":"8","author":"Couturier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020571","article-title":"Neurologic Toxicities Following Adoptive Immunotherapy with BCMA-Directed CAR T Cells","volume":"142","author":"Karschnia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2023.2274420","article-title":"A Safety Review of Recently Approved and Emerging Drugs for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma","volume":"22","author":"Midha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Saf."}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/16\/22\/3867\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:35:05Z","timestamp":1760114105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/16\/22\/3867"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":156,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers16223867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers16223867","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]}}}