{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T03:14:05Z","timestamp":1784085245031,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ovarian cancer typically presents at advanced stages, with prognosis heavily influenced by the presence of residual disease following cytoreductive surgery. The role of resecting enlarged extra-abdominal lymph nodes during cytoreductive procedures remains contentious. These enlarged lymph nodes are commonly identified through high-resolution imaging techniques such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography\u2013computed tomography (PET-CT). A comprehensive understanding of the relevant anatomy, imaging modalities, and surgical techniques for addressing lymphadenopathy in regions such as the supraclavicular fossa, axillae, mediastinum, and pericardiophrenic fat is crucial in determining the feasibility of surgical intervention. An appropriate evaluation of these factors is essential to optimize debulking, which is recognized as the most significant prognostic determinant in patients with ovarian cancer. This review underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in managing advanced ovarian cancer with extra-abdominal lymph node involvement to enhance patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16233985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T11:26:08Z","timestamp":1732706768000},"page":"3985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anatomy, Imaging, and Surgical Treatment of Thoracic Lymphadenopathies in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5151-0866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica di Radiologia EOC, Istituto Imaging della Svizzera Italiana (IIMSI), Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"},{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Gasparri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Manganaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-5830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Del Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica di Radiologia EOC, Istituto Imaging della Svizzera Italiana (IIMSI), Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"},{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Papadia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5945-1576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Petrella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21820","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2024","volume":"74","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2023.11.015","article-title":"ESGO-ESMO-ESP consensus conference recommendations on ovarian cancer: Pathology and molecular biology and early, advanced and recurrent disease","volume":"35","author":"Ledermann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. 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