{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:18:11Z","timestamp":1790965091260,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lung Cancer SPORE","award":["P50 CA070907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA070907"]}]},{"name":"Lung Cancer SPORE","award":["U24CA224285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24CA224285"]}]},{"name":"Translational Molecular Pathology-Immuno-profiling laboratory Moonshot Platform (TMP-IL)","award":["P50 CA070907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA070907"]}]},{"name":"Translational Molecular Pathology-Immuno-profiling laboratory Moonshot Platform (TMP-IL)","award":["U24CA224285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24CA224285"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","award":["P50 CA070907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA070907"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","award":["U24CA224285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24CA224285"]}]},{"name":"FHU OncoAge (University C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur)","award":["P50 CA070907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA070907"]}]},{"name":"FHU OncoAge (University C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur)","award":["U24CA224285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24CA224285"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lung cancer is a deadly disease with the highest rates of mortality. Over recent decades, a better understanding of the biological mechanisms implicated in its pathogenesis has led to the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapy, resulting in improvements in patient outcomes. To better understand lung cancer tumor biology and advance towards precision oncology, a comprehensive tumor profile is necessary. In recent years, novel in situ spatial multiomics approaches have emerged offering a more detailed view of the spatial location of tumor and tumor microenvironment cells, identifying their unique composition and functional status. In this sense, novel multiomics platforms have been developed to evaluate tumor heterogeneity, gene expression, metabolic reprogramming, signaling pathway activation, cell\u2013cell interactions, and immune cell programs. In lung cancer research, several studies have used these spatial technologies to locate cells and associated them with histological features that are relevant to the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. These advancements may unveil further molecular and immune mechanisms in tumor biology that will lead to the discovery of biomarkers for treatment prediction and prognosis. In this review, we provide an overview of more widely used and emerging pathology-based approaches for spatial immune profiling in lung cancer and how they enhance our understanding of tumor biology and immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16244145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T06:29:30Z","timestamp":1733984970000},"page":"4145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Novel Spatial Approaches to Dissect the Lung Cancer Immune Microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0545-1444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idania","family":"Lubo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharia","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio I.","family":"Wistuba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1253-630X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa Maren","family":"Solis Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Nicholson, A., Tsao, M., Znaor, A., Travis, W., Yatabe, Y., Borczuk, A., Kerr, K., Dacic, S., Van Schil, P., and Scagliotti, G. (2021). Thoracic Tumours\/Edited by WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board, International Agency for Research on Cancer."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21820","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2024","volume":"74","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.12.004","article-title":"The Use of Immunohistochemistry Improves the Diagnosis of Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Differential Diagnosis. An International Reproducibility Study in a Demanding Set of Cases","volume":"12","author":"Thunnissen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2012-0263-RA","article-title":"Diagnosis of lung cancer in small biopsies and cytology: Implications of the 2011 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer\/American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society classification","volume":"137","author":"Travis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7081","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27341-1","article-title":"The histologic phenotype of lung cancers is associated with transcriptomic features rather than genomic characteristics","volume":"12","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12912","article-title":"Discovery and saturation analysis of cancer genes across 21 tumour types","volume":"505","author":"Lawrence","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2764","article-title":"The Cancer Genome Atlas Pan-Cancer analysis project","volume":"45","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01308","article-title":"Five-Year Survival Outcomes From the PACIFIC Trial: Durvalumab After Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"40","author":"Spigel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408440","article-title":"First-line crizotinib versus chemotherapy in ALK-positive lung cancer","volume":"371","author":"Solomon","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406766","article-title":"Crizotinib in ROS1-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"371","author":"Shaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32517-X","article-title":"Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): A phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial","volume":"389","author":"Rittmeyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2204.0023","article-title":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 4.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology","volume":"22","author":"Riely","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Canc. Netw."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00149","article-title":"Updated Analysis of KEYNOTE-024: Pembrolizumab Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score of 50% or Greater","volume":"37","author":"Reck","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606774","article-title":"Pembrolizumab versus Chemotherapy for PD-L1-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"375","author":"Reck","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0642","article-title":"FDA Approval Summary: Dabrafenib and Trametinib for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers Harboring BRAF V600E Mutations","volume":"23","author":"Odogwu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2015.12.103","article-title":"Five-Year Survival in EGFR-Mutant Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated with EGFR-TKIs","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.1736","article-title":"Impact of Specific Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutations and Clinical Characteristics on Outcomes After Treatment With EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.05.001","article-title":"Five Year Survival Update From KEYNOTE-010: Pembrolizumab Versus Docetaxel for Previously Treated, Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Positive Advanced NSCLC","volume":"16","author":"Herbst","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01281-7","article-title":"Pembrolizumab versus docetaxel for previously treated, PD-L1-positive, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-010): A randomised controlled trial","volume":"387","author":"Herbst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2027071","article-title":"Osimertinib in Resected EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"383","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2215530","article-title":"Perioperative Nivolumab and Chemotherapy in Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"389","author":"Provencio","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910231","article-title":"Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"381","author":"Hellmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2202170","article-title":"Neoadjuvant Nivolumab plus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer","volume":"386","author":"Forde","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.004","article-title":"Cancer cell-intrinsic mechanisms driving acquired immune tolerance","volume":"56","author":"Ghorani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabo3958","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abo3958","article-title":"Translating the evolving molecular landscape of tumors to biomarkers of response for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Anagnostou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-021-00347-z","article-title":"Systemic immunity in cancer","volume":"21","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, R., Chen, N., Li, L., Du, N., Bai, L., Lv, Z., Tian, H., and Cui, J. (2020). Mechanisms of Cancer Resistance to Immunotherapy. Front. Oncol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01290"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mamdani, H., Matosevic, S., Khalid, A.B., Durm, G., and Jalal, S.I. (2022). Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Current Landscape and Future Directions. Front. Immunol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.823618"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katiyar, V., Chesney, J., and Kloecker, G. (2023). Cellular Therapy for Lung Cancer: Focusing on Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR T) Cells and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) Therapy. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15143733"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-Pardo, M., Gorria, T., Malenica, I., Corgnac, S., Teixido, C., and Mezquita, L. (2022). Vaccine Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Vaccines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050740"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-022-00338-9","article-title":"Antibody-drug conjugates in lung cancer: Dawn of a new era?","volume":"7","author":"Coleman","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patel, S.R., and Das, M. (2023). Small Cell Lung Cancer: Emerging Targets and Strategies for Precision Therapy. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15164016"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.02.002","article-title":"Small cell lung cancer enters the era of precision medicine","volume":"39","author":"Frese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.12.014","article-title":"Patterns of transcription factor programs and immune pathway activation define four major subtypes of SCLC with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities","volume":"39","author":"Gay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.07.008","article-title":"Small cell lung cancer profiling: An updated synthesis of subtypes, vulnerabilities, and plasticity","volume":"10","author":"Redin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02014-x","article-title":"Molecular classification and biomarkers of outcome with immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: Analyses of the CASPIAN phase 3 study","volume":"23","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-01033-y","article-title":"Method of the Year: Spatially resolved transcriptomics","volume":"18","author":"Marx","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801946","article-title":"Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Lung Cancer with a High Tumor Mutational Burden","volume":"378","author":"Hellmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1713444","article-title":"Tumor Mutational Burden and Response Rate to PD-1 Inhibition","volume":"377","author":"Yarchoan","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32889","article-title":"Beyond the concept of cold and hot tumors for the development of novel predictive biomarkers and the rational design of immunotherapy combination","volume":"147","author":"Dardenne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2019.12.107","article-title":"PD-L1 Testing for Lung Cancer in 2019: Perspective From the IASLC Pathology Committee","volume":"15","author":"Lantuejoul","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-0099","article-title":"STK11\/LKB1 Mutations and PD-1 Inhibitor Resistance in KRAS-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Skoulidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002891","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002891","article-title":"Oncogene-specific differences in tumor mutational burden, PD-L1 expression, and outcomes from immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"9","author":"Negrao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.08.011","article-title":"Clinical application of advanced multi-omics tumor profiling: Shaping precision oncology of the future","volume":"40","author":"Akhoundova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-018-1080-0","article-title":"The role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as a predictive biomarker of response to anti-PD1 therapy in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer or metastatic melanoma","volume":"35","author":"Uryvaev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2021.01.013","article-title":"Surprising impact of stromal TIL\u2019s on immunotherapy efficacy in a real-world lung cancer study","volume":"153","author":"Hashemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1922-8","article-title":"B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures promote immunotherapy response","volume":"577","author":"Helmink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weng, Y., Yuan, J., Cui, X., Wang, J., Chen, H., Xu, L., Chen, X., Peng, M., and Song, Q. (2024). The impact of tertiary lymphoid structures on tumor prognosis and the immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci. Rep., 14.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-64980-y"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-01224-2","article-title":"Neoadjuvant nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab in operable non-small cell lung cancer: The phase 2 randomized NEOSTAR trial","volume":"27","author":"Cascone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01962-5","article-title":"Neoadjuvant atezolizumab for resectable non-small cell lung cancer: An open-label, single-arm phase II trial","volume":"28","author":"Chaft","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30453-8","article-title":"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and nivolumab in resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NADIM): An open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial","volume":"21","author":"Provencio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.2209","article-title":"Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab vs Nivolumab for Previously Treated Patients With Stage IV Squamous Cell Lung Cancer: The Lung-MAP S1400I Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"7","author":"Gettinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-0251","article-title":"Multi-omics Analysis Reveals Immune Features Associated with Immunotherapy Benefit in Patients with Squamous Cell Lung Cancer from Phase III Lung-MAP S1400I Trial","volume":"30","author":"Parra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05035-8","article-title":"Spatial insights into immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by multiplexed tissue imaging","volume":"22","author":"Monkman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-023-00403-x","article-title":"Deep computational image analysis of immune cell niches reveals treatment-specific outcome associations in lung cancer","volume":"7","author":"Barrera","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07113-9","article-title":"An atlas of epithelial cell states and plasticity in lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"627","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-1658","article-title":"The Single-Cell Immunogenomic Landscape of B and Plasma Cells in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3305","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-23-0128","article-title":"Single-Cell Characterization of Pulmonary Nodules Implicates Suppression of Immunosurveillance across Early Stages of Lung Adenocarcinoma","volume":"83","author":"Yanagawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00280-x","article-title":"The updated landscape of tumor microenvironment and drug repurposing","volume":"5","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e694","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.694","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing technologies and applications: A brief overview","volume":"12","author":"Jovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2024.100425","article-title":"High-Plex Assessment of Biomarkers in Tumors","volume":"37","author":"Aung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-022-00830-7","article-title":"High-throughput proteomics: A methodological mini-review","volume":"102","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"209","article-title":"Advances in the Clinical Application of High-throughput Proteomics","volume":"9","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Explor. Res. Hypothesis Med."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ivanisevic, T., and Sewduth, R.N. (2023). Multi-Omics Integration for the Design of Novel Therapies and the Identification of Novel Biomarkers. Proteomes, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/proteomes11040034"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-023-00576-1","article-title":"High-plex immunofluorescence imaging and traditional histology of the same tissue section for discovering image-based biomarkers","volume":"4","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Cancer"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivest, F., Eroglu, D., Pelz, B., Kowal, J., Kehren, A., Navikas, V., Procopio, M.G., Bordignon, P., P\u00e9r\u00e8s, E., and Ammann, M. (2023). Fully automated sequential immunofluorescence (seqIF) for hyperplex spatial proteomics. Sci. Rep., 13.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-43435-w"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parra, E.R., Jiang, M., Solis, L., Mino, B., Laberiano, C., Hernandez, S., Gite, S., Verma, A., Tetzlaff, M., and Haymaker, C. (2020). Procedural Requirements and Recommendations for Multiplex Immunofluorescence Tyramide Signal Amplification Assays to Support Translational Oncology Studies. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12020255"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9773-2_23","article-title":"Multiplexed Immunohistochemical Consecutive Staining on Single Slide (MICSSS): Multiplexed Chromogenic IHC Assay for High-Dimensional Tissue Analysis","volume":"2055","author":"Akturk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05672-3","article-title":"Single-cell spatial landscapes of the lung tumour immune microenvironment","volume":"614","author":"Sorin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000538344","article-title":"Challenges and Opportunities for the Clinical Translation of Spatial Transcriptomics Technologies","volume":"4","author":"Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glomerular Dis."},{"key":"ref_71","unstructured":"Genomics, X. (2024, December 06). Visium CytAssist Spatial Gene and Protein Expression Protein Panel. Available online: https:\/\/www.10xgenomics.com\/support\/spatial-gene-and-protein-expression\/documentation\/steps\/protein-panel\/visium-cytassist-spatial-gene-and-protein-expression-protein-panel."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Biology, B.S. (2024, December 06). GeoMx\u00ae IO Proteome Atlas. Available online: https:\/\/nanostring.com\/products\/geomx-digital-spatial-profiler\/geomx-protein-assays\/io-proteome-atlas\/."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0472-9","article-title":"Multiplex digital spatial profiling of proteins and RNA in fixed tissue","volume":"38","author":"Merritt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e006234","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-006234","article-title":"Spatial multi-omics revealed the impact of tumor ecosystem heterogeneity on immunotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with bispecific antibody","volume":"11","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4360","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-0175","article-title":"Biomarkers Associated with Beneficial PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Identified Using High-Plex Digital Spatial Profiling","volume":"26","author":"Zugazagoitia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-022-00515-3","article-title":"The emerging landscape of spatial profiling technologies","volume":"23","author":"Moffitt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-23-1499","article-title":"The 3D Revolution in Cancer Discovery","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-021-00370-8","article-title":"Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to elucidate intercellular tissue dynamics","volume":"22","author":"Longo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4216","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btab447","article-title":"A convolutional neural network for common coordinate registration of high-resolution histology images","volume":"37","author":"Daly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-022-01409-2","article-title":"Museum of spatial transcriptomics","volume":"19","author":"Moses","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsubara, T., Soh, J., Morita, M., Uwabo, T., Tomida, S., Fujiwara, T., Kanazawa, S., Toyooka, S., and Hirasawa, A. (2020). DV200 Index for Assessing RNA Integrity in Next-Generation Sequencing. Biomed. Res. Int., 2020.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9349132"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1021\/jacsau.4c00118","article-title":"Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Spatial Transcriptomics: A Perspective from Barcoding Chemistry","volume":"4","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACS Au"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haimovich, G., and Gerst, J.E. (2018). Single-molecule Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (smFISH) for RNA Detection in Adherent Animal Cells. Bio Protoc., 8.","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.3070"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1049-y","article-title":"Transcriptome-scale super-resolved imaging in tissues by RNA seqFISH+","volume":"568","author":"Eng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aaa6090","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa6090","article-title":"RNA imaging. Spatially resolved, highly multiplexed RNA profiling in single cells","volume":"348","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Groiss, S., Pabst, D., Faber, C., Meier, A., Bogdoll, A., Unger, C., Nilges, B., Strauss, S., F\u00f6derl-H\u00f6benreich, E., and Hardt, M. (2021). Highly resolved spatial transcriptomics for detection of rare events in cells. bioRxiv, bioRxiv:2021.2010.2011.463936.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.10.11.463936"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-022-01483-z","article-title":"High-plex imaging of RNA and proteins at subcellular resolution in fixed tissue by spatial molecular imaging","volume":"40","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8353","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43458-x","article-title":"High resolution mapping of the tumor microenvironment using integrated single-cell, spatial and in situ analysis","volume":"14","author":"Janesick","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.01.016","article-title":"A guidebook of spatial transcriptomic technologies, data resources and analysis approaches","volume":"21","author":"Yue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_90","unstructured":"(2024, September 19). Spatial Biology Without Limits: Spatially Resolve Gene Expression in FFPE Samples. Available online: https:\/\/pages.10xgenomics.com\/rs\/446-PBO-704\/images\/10x_LIT000128_Product_Sheet_Spatial_Biology_Without_Limits_Letter_digital.pdf."},{"key":"ref_91","unstructured":"(2024, September 18). GeoMx DSP Manual Slide Preparation User Manual. Available online: https:\/\/university.nanostring.com\/geomx-dsp-manual-slide-preparation-user-manual."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26614-z","article-title":"Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals the architecture of the tumor-microenvironment interface","volume":"12","author":"Hunter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-02019-9","article-title":"Inferring super-resolution tissue architecture by integrating spatial transcriptomics with histology","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30587-y","article-title":"SpotClean adjusts for spot swapping in spatial transcriptomics data","volume":"13","author":"Ni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_95","unstructured":"Fropf, R., Griswold, M., Zimmerman, S., Nguyen, K., Reeves, J., and Fuhrman, K. (2024, September 25). The GeoMx\u00ae Human Whole Transcriptome Atlas for the Digital Spatial Profiler: Design, Performance, and Experimental Guidelines. Available online: https:\/\/nanostring.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/WP_MK3209_GMX-WTA_Des-Perf-Exp-Guidelines_R10.pdf."},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"177","article-title":"Spatial transcriptomic analysis of tumour with high and low CAIX expression in TNBC tissue samples using GeoMx RNA assay","volume":"39","author":"Shamis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-0623-0_21","article-title":"GeoMx RNA Assay: High Multiplex, Digital, Spatial Analysis of RNA in FFPE Tissue","volume":"2148","author":"Zollinger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hernandez, S., Lazcano, R., Serrano, A., Powell, S., Kostousov, L., Mehta, J., Khan, K., Lu, W., and Solis, L.M. (2022). Challenges and Opportunities for Immunoprofiling Using a Spatial High-Plex Technology: The NanoString GeoMx((R)) Digital Spatial Profiler. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.890410"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad1026","article-title":"standR: Spatial transcriptomic analysis for GeoMx DSP data","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2023.110671","article-title":"Spatial transcriptomics: Technologies, applications and experimental considerations","volume":"115","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferri-Borgogno, S., Burks, J.K., Seeley, E.H., McKee, T.D., Stolley, D.L., Basi, A.V., Gomez, J.A., Gamal, B.T., Ayyadhury, S., and Lawson, B.C. (2024). Molecular, Metabolic, and Subcellular Mapping of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment via 3D Targeted and Non-Targeted Multiplex Multi-Omics Analyses. Cancers, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16050846"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0739-1","article-title":"Highly sensitive spatial transcriptomics at near-cellular resolution with Slide-seqV2","volume":"39","author":"Stickels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.04.003","article-title":"Spatiotemporal transcriptomic atlas of mouse organogenesis using DNA nanoball-patterned arrays","volume":"185","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1515","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1515","article-title":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal POSTN(+) cancer-associated fibroblasts correlated with immune suppression and tumour progression in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1459-3_16","article-title":"Quantitative ultrasensitive bright-field RNA in situ hybridization with RNAscope","volume":"1211","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_106","unstructured":"(2024, September 19). Species Standalone Custom and Advanced Custom Panel Design for In Situ Xenium v1 Panels. Available online: https:\/\/www.10xgenomics.com\/support\/in-situ-gene-expression\/documentation\/steps\/panel-design\/species-standalone-custom-and-advanced-custom-panel-design-for-xenium-in-situ."},{"key":"ref_107","unstructured":"(2024, September 21). Xenium In Situ for FFPE\u2014Tissue Preparation. Available online: https:\/\/www.10xgenomics.com\/support\/in-situ-gene-expression\/documentation\/steps\/tissue-prep-ffpe\/xenium-in-situ-spatial-profiling-for-ffpe-%E2%80%93-tissue-preparation-guide."},{"key":"ref_108","unstructured":"Vizgen (2024, September 26). Unveiling Brain Complexity with the MERSCOPE Platform Using 1000-plex Gene Panels: Insights into Healthy and Diseased States. Available online: https:\/\/info.vizgen.com\/1000-plex-gene-panels#:~:text=1000%20plex%20gene%20panels%20for%20MERSCOPE%20provide%20flexibility%20in%20selecting,brains%20vs%20normal%20human%20brains."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monkman, J., Taheri, T., Ebrahimi Warkiani, M., O\u2019Leary, C., Ladwa, R., Richard, D., O\u2019Byrne, K., and Kulasinghe, A. (2020). High-Plex and High-Throughput Digital Spatial Profiling of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.07.22.20160325"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3520","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-3932","article-title":"Spatially Informed Gene Signatures for Response to Immunotherapy in Melanoma","volume":"30","author":"Aung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Navarro, C., Ortega, \u00c1., Santeliz, R., Garrido, B., Chac\u00edn, M., Galban, N., Vera, I., De Sanctis, J.B., and Berm\u00fadez, V. (2022). Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer Cells: Emerging Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14061303"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, M., Wen, W., Wang, Y., Shan, X., Yi, X., Zhu, W., Aa, J., and Wang, G. (2024). Plasma metabolomics reveals risk factors for lung adenocarcinoma. Front. Oncol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1277206"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2016.06.005","article-title":"Using reverse-phase protein arrays as pharmacodynamic assays for functional proteomics, biomarker discovery, and drug development in cancer","volume":"43","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-022-00400-y","article-title":"Analysis of the metabolic proteome of lung adenocarcinomas by reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA) emphasizes mitochondria as targets for therapy","volume":"11","author":"Torresano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.85704","article-title":"Metabolomics Analysis and Diagnosis of Lung Cancer: Insights from Diverse Sample Types","volume":"21","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kannampuzha, S., Mukherjee, A.G., Wanjari, U.R., Gopalakrishnan, A.V., Murali, R., Namachivayam, A., Renu, K., Dey, A., Vellingiri, B., and Madhyastha, H. (2023). A Systematic Role of Metabolomics, Metabolic Pathways, and Chemical Metabolism in Lung Cancer. Vaccines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11020381"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5040","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms11125040","article-title":"Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption\/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry","volume":"11","author":"Zaima","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51652-9_5","article-title":"Single-Cell Metabolomics by Mass Spectrometry Imaging","volume":"1280","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-024-02361-z","article-title":"Tissue histology in 3D","volume":"21","author":"Doerr","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.03.035","article-title":"Analysis of 3D pathology samples using weakly supervised AI","volume":"187","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2023.100458","article-title":"Principles of deep immunohistochemistry for 3D histology","volume":"3","author":"Yau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Methods"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laurino, A., Franceschini, A., Pesce, L., Cinci, L., Montalbano, A., Mazzamuto, G., Sancataldo, G., Nesi, G., Costantini, I., and Silvestri, L. (2023). A Guide to Perform 3D Histology of Biological Tissues with Fluorescence Microscopy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076747"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwon, Y.W., Jo, H.S., Bae, S., Seo, Y., Song, P., Song, M., and Yoon, J.H. (2021). Application of Proteomics in Cancer: Recent Trends and Approaches for Biomarkers Discovery. Front. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.747333"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergholtz, H., Carter, J.M., Cesano, A., Cheang, M.C.U., Church, S.E., Divakar, P., Fuhrman, C.A., Goel, S., Gong, J., and Guerriero, J.L. (2021). Best Practices for Spatial Profiling for Breast Cancer Research with the GeoMx(\u00ae) Digital Spatial Profiler. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13174456"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-23-1165","article-title":"Highly Multiplexed Tissue Imaging in Precision Oncology and Translational Cancer Research","volume":"14","author":"Bollhagen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"A1620","article-title":"1448 Comparison of spatial transcriptomic platforms in FFPE TMA samples","volume":"12","author":"Lermi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Immuno. Ther. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, H., Huang, R., Nelson, J., Gao, C., Tran, M., Yeaton, A., Felt, K., Pfaff, K.L., Bowman, T., and Rodig, S.J. (2023). Systematic benchmarking of imaging spatial transcriptomics platforms in FFPE tissues. bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.12.07.570603"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000155","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2019-000155","article-title":"The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer statement on best practices for multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining and validation","volume":"8","author":"Taube","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. ImmunoTherapy Cancer"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subramanian, I., Verma, S., Kumar, S., Jere, A., and Anamika, K. (2020). Multi-omics Data Integration, Interpretation, and Its Application. Bioinform. Biol. Insights, 14.","DOI":"10.1177\/1177932219899051"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-3251","article-title":"Cross-Site Concordance Evaluation of Tumor DNA and RNA Sequencing Platforms for the CIMAC-CIDC Network","volume":"27","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5038","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-3241","article-title":"Network for Biomarker Immunoprofiling for Cancer Immunotherapy: Cancer Immune Monitoring and Analysis Centers and Cancer Immunologic Data Commons (CIMAC-CIDC)","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5072","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-2051","article-title":"Multiplex Tissue Imaging Harmonization: A Multicenter Experience from CIMAC-CIDC Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers Network","volume":"27","author":"Akturk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15093","article-title":"Spatial transcriptomics and the anatomical pathologist: Molecular meets morphology","volume":"84","author":"Pang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Histopathology"}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/16\/24\/4145\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:53:31Z","timestamp":1760115211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/16\/24\/4145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"references-count":133,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers16244145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers16244145","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]}}}