{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:45:57Z","timestamp":1765233957928,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund, ERDF, a way to build Europe","award":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"]}]},{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola Contra el Cancer (AECC)","award":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"]}]},{"name":"TRANSCAN AECC and ISCIII","award":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat de Catalunya with economical support from the CERCA Programme\/Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Internacional Josep Carreras; Fundaci\u00f3n UnoEntreCienmil","award":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 20\/00531","PI20\/00822","PLE2021-007518","PRYGN211192BUEN","AC 18\/000002","2017 SGR288 (GRC)","2021 CSGR 00560 (GRC)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most frequent childhood cancer. Infant ALL (&lt;1 year) is rare, but it captures a lot of interest due to its poor prognosis, especially in patients harbouring KMT2A rearrangements, which have been demonstrated to arise prenatally. However, epidemiological studies aimed at identifying specific risk factors in such cases are scarce, mainly due to sample-size limitations. We conducted a scoping review to elucidate the prenatal or perinatal factors associated with infant ALL. Methods: Original articles, letters, or conference abstracts published up to June 2022 were identified using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases, and 33 observational studies were selected. Results: The study reveals several well-established associations across the literature, such as maternal exposure to pesticides and high birth weight, and outlines suggestive associations, such as parental heavy smoking, parental use of several medications (e.g., dipyrone), and maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. Conclusions: This scoping review summarizes the few observational studies that have analysed the prenatal and perinatal risk factors for ALL in infants diagnosed before the age of 1 year. The results of this review highlight the lack of research into this specific age group, which merits further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17030370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T09:01:13Z","timestamp":1737622873000},"page":"370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prenatal and Perinatal Factors Associated with Infant Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Arantza","family":"Sanvisens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Catalan Cancer Plan, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI-CERCA), 17004 Girona, Spain"},{"name":"Descriptive Epidemiology, Genetics, and Cancer Prevention Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 17004 Girona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Leukemia and Immunotherapy Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"RICORS-TERAV Network, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2623-2876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oriol","family":"Calvete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3251-2161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesc","family":"Sol\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9824-3657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Marcos-Gragera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Catalan Cancer Plan, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI-CERCA), 17004 Girona, Spain"},{"name":"Descriptive Epidemiology, Genetics, and Cancer Prevention Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 17004 Girona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2397-0435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Solans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Descriptive Epidemiology, Genetics, and Cancer Prevention Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 17004 Girona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30761-7","article-title":"Childhood Cancer Burden: A Review of Global Estimates","volume":"20","author":"Bhakta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-016-1531-z","article-title":"Incidence and Survival Time Trends for Spanish Children and Adolescents with Leukaemia from 1983 to 2007","volume":"19","author":"Galceran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. 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