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LN aspirates were obtained during an EBUS\/TBNA procedure. The cells were analyzed using a hematological analyzer and flow cytometry. It was possible to indicate the presence of cells characterized by high fluorescence connected with high metabolic activity using a hematological analyzer and to determine their non-hematopoietic origin using flow cytometry. Using these methods together, we detected very quickly a high proportion of cancer cells in LNs. We noticed that it was possible to determine a high expression of EpCAM, TTF-1, Ki67, cytokeratin, HER, and differences between non-small-cell (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) for the antigens MUC-1, CD56, HLA-DR, CD39, CD184, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CTLA-4 on tumor cells. We report, for the first time, that the detection of tumor cells in LNs with the expression of specific antigens is easy to evaluate using a hematological analyzer and flow cytometry in EBUS\/TBNA samples. Such precise characteristics of non-hematopoietic cells in LNs may be of great diagnostic importance in the detection of micrometastases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17030431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T11:38:49Z","timestamp":1737977929000},"page":"431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Detection of Lung Cancer Cell Profiles in Mediastinal Lymph Nodes Using a Hematological Analyzer and Flow Cytometry Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2266-971X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Kwiecie\u0144","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Rutkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Raniszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1858-7195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Soko\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Rare Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Bednarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Rare Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3505-1858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Jahnz-R\u00f3\u017cyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology, Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Rare Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Rzepecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine\u2014National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2019.10.001","article-title":"Lung Cancer 2020: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention","volume":"41","author":"Bade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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