{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:38:31Z","timestamp":1787168311022,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AbbVie"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The long-term follow-up of clinical trials of novel first-line (1L) therapies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) demonstrates 6\u201310-year progression-free survival. We describe the effectiveness of 1L CLL treatments in real-world settings, with an emphasis on the important real-world outcome of time to next treatment or death (TTNT-D). Methods: This retrospective, observational study utilized de-identified electronic health records from the ConcertAI RWD360\u2122 database with linked administrative open claims. Adults with CLL who initiated an approved 1L CLL therapy (June 2019\u2013March 2023) were included. Duration of therapy (DoT), TTNT-D, and overall survival were assessed. Results: At 1L, 39.8% of 1843 patients received first-generation covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (cBTKis), 23.0% second-generation cBTKis, 12.4% venetoclax-obinutuzumab (VenO), 7.4% chemotherapy\/chemoimmunotherapy (CT\/CIT), and 17.4% anti-CD20 monotherapy. Median (range) follow-up in months was 24.9 (13.1\u201336.6) for first-generation cBTKis, 13.4 (7.3\u201321.7) for second-generation cBTKis, 16.0 (8.4\u201327.8) for VenO, 21.8 (11.2\u201332.7) for CT\/CIT, and 19.7 (10.0\u201333.4) for anti-CD20 monotherapy. Median (range) DoT was 11.5 (4.2\u201325.0) and 8.6 (3.0\u201316.1), 9.1 (5.9\u201312.2), 5.6 (3.2\u20135.8), and 1.6 (1.6\u20134.5) months for first- and second-generation cBTKis, VenO, CT\/CIT, and anti-CD20 monotherapy, respectively. Regarding TTNT-D, at 2 years\u2019 follow-up, 69.1%, 82.5%, 86.3%, 79.1%, and 53.0% of patients treated with first- and second-generation cBTKis, VenO, CT\/CIT, and anti-CD20 monotherapy, respectively, had not initiated subsequent treatment or experienced death. Conclusions: TTNT-D is an important real-world outcome in CLL. Our findings demonstrated the utility of time-limited VenO, with potentially more time off treatment, relative to continuous 1L cBTKi therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17050799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T08:28:31Z","timestamp":1740558511000},"page":"799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Real-World Effectiveness of Frontline Treatments Among Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Results from ConcertAI"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lindsey E.","family":"Roeker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CLL Program, Leukemia Service, Division of Hematologic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5144-6710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Aurora, CO 80012, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5068-9040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna M.","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nnadozie","family":"Emechebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dureshahwar","family":"Jawaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beenish S.","family":"Manzoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher E.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Ryland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve E.","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Sinai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Roser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazyar","family":"Shadman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bewarder, M., Stilgenbauer, S., Thurner, L., and Kaddu-Mulindwa, D. 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