{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:22:38Z","timestamp":1793496158382,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Inflammation within tumor microenvironments has been correlated to numerous malignancies. This study aims to explore its significance in thyroid cancer (TC). Methods: Retrospective analysis of 157 thyroid carcinomas and 40 benign cases involved initial univariate analysis. The value of neutrophils\/value of lymphocytes (NLR), value of platelets\/value of lymphocytes (PLR), value of lymphocytes\/value of monocytes (LMR), and value of platelets \u00d7 value of neutrophils\/value of lymphocytes (SII) indexes were related to TC characteristics and number and location of involved lymph nodes using \u03c72 or Fischer\u2019s exact tests for categorical variables and Student\u2019s t-tests for continuous ones. A 1:1 propensity score matching balanced malignant and benign TC groups based on age, sex, and tumor size was used. Post-matching, a multivariate logistic model integrated sex, age, Central lymph node metastases (CLNM), and SII index. Statistically significant immune index values underwent ROC curve analysis for determining cut-offs. Among the 157 malignant TC, median test and density plots were performed. Results: The SII index emerged as a predictor of malignancy in both univariate and multivariate analyses (p-value = 0.0202). The ROC curve indicated a cut-off SII value of 465.71, (specificity = 58% [95% CI: 0.43\u20130.73]; sensitivity = 80% [95% CI: 0.68\u20130.93]). Median SII index values for tumor sizes of 1 and &gt;1 were 522.8 and 654.8, respectively (p-value = 0.016). When central lymph nodes metastases(CLNMs) was considered (CLNM = 0 vs. CLNM &gt; 0), median SII values were 530.7 and 1121.7, respectively (p-value = 0.011). Conclusions: The SII index appears to be a valuable tool in the presence of TC, showing correlations with malignancy, tumor size, and CLNMs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17081363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T20:15:06Z","timestamp":1745180106000},"page":"1363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Inflammation and Thyroid Cancer: Deciphering the Role of Blood Immune Indexes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0427-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Sorrenti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Scerrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via Liborio Giuffr\u00e9 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1943-4952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Lori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3813-7750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Vassallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via Liborio Giuffr\u00e9 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2313-5614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Saverino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Oncology Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffr\u00e9, 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calogera","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via Liborio Giuffr\u00e9 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9439-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Melfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via Liborio Giuffr\u00e9 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierina","family":"Richiusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), Section of Endocrinology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Mazzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Tumor Registry, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffr\u00e9, 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Oncology Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffr\u00e9, 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Orlando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via Liborio Giuffr\u00e9 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppa","family":"Graceffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of General and Oncology Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences, Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffr\u00e9, 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02676-2","article-title":"A systematic review of health state utility values for thyroid cancer","volume":"3","author":"Houten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dolidze, D.D., Shabunin, A.V., Mumladze, R.B., Vardanyan, A.V., Covantsev, S.D., Shulutko, A.M., Semikov, V.I., Isaev, K.M., and Kazaryan, A.M. (2022). A Narrative Review of Preventive Central Lymph Node Dissection in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer\u2014A Necessity or an Excess. Front. 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