{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:36:56Z","timestamp":1787027816443,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: With the number of detected breast cancer cases growing every year, there is a need to augment histopathological analysis with fast preliminary screening. We examine the feasibility of using X-ray diffraction measurements for this purpose. Methods: In this work, we obtained more than 6000 diffraction patterns from 211 patients and examined both standard and custom-developed methods, including Fourier coefficient analysis, for their interpretation. Various preprocessing steps and machine learning classifiers were compared to determine the optimal combination. Results: We demonstrated that benign and cancerous clusters are well separated, with specificity and sensitivity exceeding 0.9. For wide-angle scattering, the two-dimensional Fourier method is superior, while for small angles, the conventional analysis based on azimuthal integration of the images provides similar metrics. Conclusions: X-ray diffraction of biopsy tissues, supported by machine learning approaches to data analytics, can be an essential tool for pathological services. The method is rapid and inexpensive, providing excellent metrics for benign\/cancer classification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17101662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T08:44:58Z","timestamp":1747212298000},"page":"1662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Benign\/Cancer Diagnostics Based on X-Ray Diffraction: Comparison of Data Analytics Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2800-6047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Alekseev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"},{"name":"Department of Physics and Technology, Karaganda Buketov University, Karaganda 100028, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-1804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viacheslav","family":"Shcherbakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0525-943X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleksii","family":"Avdieiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7881-1979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey A.","family":"Denisov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"},{"name":"Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, B\u00e2t. 349, 91405 Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viacheslav","family":"Kubytskyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Ir\u00e8ne Joliot-Curie, UMR9012, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, B\u00e2t. 209, 91405 Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Blinchevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha","family":"Murokh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matur UK Ltd., 5 New Street Square, London EC4A 3TW, UK"},{"name":"Stuyvesant High School, 345 Chambers Street, New York, NY 10282, 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