{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T10:16:50Z","timestamp":1784888210750,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) or panenteric capsule endoscopy (PCE) offers a promising, non-invasive diagnostic approach for patients with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). However, high rates of conversion to conventional colonoscopy (CCC) following capsule procedures reduce cost-effectiveness and patient satisfaction. Optimising the faecal immunochemical test (FIT) threshold may improve patient stratification and reduce unnecessary conversions in future applications within the IDA diagnostic pathway. Methods: The CLEAR IDA study was a multicentre, retrospective observational study conducted across four UK hospitals. Data were collected over a six-month study period and included patients referred via the two-week-wait (2WW) cancer pathway for iron deficiency, with or without anaemia, over a 12-month timeframe. Colonoscopy findings were analysed and extrapolated using NHS England\u2019s CCE-to-colonoscopy referral criteria to assess the predictive value of FIT for colorectal cancer (CRC), polyp burden, and CCC using ROC curve analysis. The optimal FIT threshold was identified through three complementary approaches: threshold-based analysis, decision curve analysis, and cost\u2013benefit modelling. Results: A total of 1531 patients were analysed; only 1.6% underwent small bowel capsule endoscopy. The diagnostic accuracy (AUC) of FIT for predicting CRC, polypoidal lesions, and CCC was 0.78, 0.58, and 0.69, respectively. Threshold-based analysis identified FIT = 15 \u00b5g\/g as the lowest level at which CCC rates significantly increased (p = 0.02; OR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.07\u20133.14). Decision curve analysis showed a maximum net benefit at FIT = 17.6 \u00b5g\/g, while cost\u2013benefit modelling identified 9 \u00b5g\/g as the most cost-effective. Raising the threshold to 10 \u00b5g\/g resulted in a net loss of GBP \u2013294.4 per patient. An optimal cost-effective FIT threshold range was identified between 10 and 17.6 \u00b5g\/g. The threshold selection should be tailored to local service capacity and resource availability. Conclusions: While FIT alone is an imperfect triage tool, optimising thresholds between 10 and 17 \u00b5g\/g may enhance cost-effectiveness and guide appropriate PCE use in IDA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17121951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T11:18:40Z","timestamp":1749640720000},"page":"1951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["From Stool to Scope: Optimising FIT Thresholds to Guide Future Panenteric Capsule Endoscopy and Reduce Colonoscopy Burden in Iron Deficiency Anaemia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6148-0963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian Io","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"},{"name":"Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"O\u2019Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6566-3759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Agyekum","family":"Adu-Darko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessiya","family":"Parambil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnupriya","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5596-7006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiara","family":"Mc Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8590-7968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessie","family":"Newville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Chaplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deekshi","family":"Siyambalapityage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5480-1370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usman","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Emil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5338-2616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merali","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2849-270X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zia","family":"Kanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4426-1329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Wy, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Soanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8135-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrija","family":"Bhattacharyya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie","family":"Meakins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archit","family":"Singhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Pack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melike","family":"Gerrits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Cullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Aslam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chander","family":"Shekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2231-3062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramesh P.","family":"Arasaradnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Precision Diagnostics & Translational Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Rd, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"},{"name":"Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"},{"name":"Leicester Cancer Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2011.08.002","article-title":"Is faecal-immunochemical test useful in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and without overt bleeding?","volume":"43","author":"Cilona","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70429-X","article-title":"American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: Evaluation and management of occult and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"118","author":"Alquist","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200511000-00008","article-title":"Risk factors for gastrointestinal malignancy in patients with iron-deficiency anaemia","volume":"17","author":"James","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325210","article-title":"British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia in adults","volume":"70","author":"Snook","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-021-02791-z","article-title":"Diagnostic yield of small bowel capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: A real-world prospective study","volume":"17","author":"Romeo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intern. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1365402","article-title":"Colon capsule endoscopy as possible filter test for colonoscopy selection in a screening population with positive fecal immunology","volume":"46","author":"Holleran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70046","article-title":"Multicentre Study of 10,369 Symptomatic Patients Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Colon Capsule Endoscopy, Colonoscopy and CT Colonography","volume":"61","author":"Turvill","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16029","article-title":"ScotCap\u2014A large observational cohort study","volume":"24","author":"MacLeod","year":"2022","journal-title":"Color. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Healthcare Improvement Scotland (2025, April 01). Colon Capsule Endoscopy for Detection of Colorectal Polyps and Cancer. Innovative Medical Technology Overview. Available online: https:\/\/shtg.scot\/media\/2430\/20240109-cce-update-v10.pdf."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"81","article-title":"Second-generation colon capsule endoscopy for detection of colorectal polyps: A meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Alihosseini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. J. Islam. Repub. Iran."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E562","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1353-4849","article-title":"Second-generation colon capsule endoscopy for detection of colorectal polyps: Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials","volume":"9","author":"Mollers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endosc. Int. Open"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(NICE), N.I.F.H.A.C.E (2025, March 23). PillCam COLON 2 for Investigation of the Colon Through Direct Visualisation. Available online: https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/gid-dg10083\/documents\/final-scope-2."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lei, I.I., Robertson, A., Koulaouzidis, A., Arasaradnam, R., and The International Capsule Endoscopy Research Group (2024). Evaluation of Colon Capsule Utilisation in Europe-CAPTURE EU Survey Findings. J. Clin. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14010099"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (2025, April 01). Guide to Meeting the Quality and Safety Standards. Available online: https:\/\/www.thejag.org.uk\/CMS\/UploadedDocuments\/Scheme\/Scheme5\/Guidance\/191107%20-%20guidance%20-%20JAG%20quality%20and%20safety%201.0%20final.pdf."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lei, I.I., Parisi, I., Bhandare, A., Perez, F.P., Lee, T., Shehkar, C., McStay, M., Anderson, S., Watson, A., and Conlin, A. (2025). Factors predicting conversion from colon capsule endoscopy to conventional optical endoscopy-findings from the CESCAIL study. BMC Gastroenterol., 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-025-03828-9"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/096228020301200205","article-title":"Use of risk-adjusted CUSUM and RSPRT charts for monitoring in medical contexts","volume":"12","author":"Grigg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stat. Methods Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181c30fb2","article-title":"Assessing the performance of prediction models: A framework for traditional and novel measures","volume":"21","author":"Steyerberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2019.107299","article-title":"Selective review of offline change point detection methods","volume":"167","author":"Truong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Process."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X06295361","article-title":"Decision curve analysis: A novel method for evaluating prediction models","volume":"26","author":"Vickers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Decis. Making"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s41512-019-0064-7","article-title":"A simple, step-by-step guide to interpreting decision curve analysis","volume":"3","author":"Vickers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diagn. Progn. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vickers, A.J., Cronin, A.M., Elkin, E.B., and Gonen, M. (2008). Extensions to decision curve analysis, a novel method for evaluating diagnostic tests, prediction models and molecular markers. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak., 8.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-8-53"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i6","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i6","article-title":"Net benefit approaches to the evaluation of prediction models, molecular markers, and diagnostic tests","volume":"352","author":"Vickers","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Champely, S. (2025, April 03). pwr: Basic Functions for Power Analysis, R Package Version 1.3-0. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/pwr\/pwr.pdf."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Wickham, H., Fran\u00e7ois, R., Henry, L., and M\u00fcller, K. (2024). dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Robin, X., Turck, N., Hainard, A., Tiberti, N., Lisacek, F., Sanchez, J.C., and M\u00fcller, M. (2024). pROC: Display and Analyze ROC Curves. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Wickham, H. (2024). ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Robinson, D., Hayes, A., and Couch, S. (2024). broom: Convert Statistical Objects into Tidy Tibbles. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"R Core Team (2021). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Council, M.R. (2022). Is My Study Research?, NHS Health Research Authority."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clcc.2023.02.001","article-title":"Optimizing Screening for Colorectal Cancer: An Algorithm Combining Fecal Immunochemical Test, Blood-Based Cancer-Associated Proteins and Demographics to Reduce Colonoscopy Burden","volume":"22","author":"Petersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Color. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zrae154","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrae154","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the faecal immunochemical test and volatile organic compound analysis in detecting colorectal polyps: Meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Afzal","year":"2024","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e643","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2020.1098","article-title":"The Fast Track FIT study: Diagnostic accuracy of faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin in patients with suspected colorectal cancer","volume":"71","author":"Turvill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Gen. Pract."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E474","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2256-3411","article-title":"Sessile serrated polyp detection rates after fecal immunochemical test or multitarget stool DNA test: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Garg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endosc. Int. Open"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640617737004","article-title":"Fecal immunochemical tests in combination with blood tests for colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma detection-systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Niedermaier","year":"2018","journal-title":"United Eur. Gastroenterol. J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandrapalan, S., Khasawneh, F., Singh, B., Lewis, S., Turvill, J., Persaud, K., and Arasaradnam, R.P. (2022). A Multi-Centre Study to Risk Stratify Colorectal Polyp Surveillance Patients Utilising Volatile Organic Compounds and Faecal Immunochemical Test. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194951"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e345","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(24)00048-7","article-title":"AI-assisted capsule endoscopy reading in suspected small bowel bleeding: A multicentre prospective study","volume":"6","author":"Spada","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Digit. Health"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moen, S., Vuik, F.E.R., Kuipers, E.J., and Spaander, M.C.W. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Colon Capsule Endoscopy\u2014A Systematic Review. Diagnostics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081994"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nadimi, E.S., Braun, J.M., Schelde-Olesen, B., Khare, S., Gogineni, V.C., Blanes-Vidal, V., and Baatrup, G. (2025). Towards full integration of explainable artificial intelligence in colon capsule endoscopy\u2019s pathway. Sci. Rep., 15.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-89648-z"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lei, I.I., Parsons, N., Koulaouzidis, A., Alexander, R., Wenzek, H., Laiz, P., Watson, A., White, E., and Arasaradna, R. (2024). P165\u2005Accelerating cutting edge breakthroughs: Capsule endoscopy delivery at scale through enhanced AI analysis (CESCAIL) study\u2014A comprehensive interim analysis. Gut.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-BSG.247"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16575","article-title":"Study of capsule endoscopy delivery at scale through enhanced artificial intelligence-enabled analysis (the CESCAIL study)","volume":"25","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Color. Dis."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32835b7d3a","article-title":"The use of small bowel capsule endoscopy in iron deficiency anaemia: Low impact on outcome in the medium term despite high diagnostic yield","volume":"25","author":"Holleran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2012.07.035","article-title":"Diagnostic yield of small-bowel capsule endoscopy in patients with iron-deficiency anemia: A systematic review","volume":"76","author":"Koulaouzidis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/17\/12\/1951\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:50:23Z","timestamp":1760032223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/17\/12\/1951"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers17121951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers17121951","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]}}}