{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:49:54Z","timestamp":1790948994349,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant","award":["101034371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101034371"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant","award":["856871\u2014TRANSTEM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["856871\u2014TRANSTEM"]}]},{"name":"European Commission Horizon 2020 Framework Program","award":["101034371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101034371"]}]},{"name":"European Commission Horizon 2020 Framework Program","award":["856871\u2014TRANSTEM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["856871\u2014TRANSTEM"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs), now dominant in global diets, pose health risks that go beyond poor nutrition due to the synergistic effects of compounds in their ultracomplex industrial formulations. This narrative review aims to provide researchers and health professionals in the field of cancer with updated and critical information, as they are often unaware of the complex and evolving evidence linking UPFs to carcinogenesis. The review discusses potential mechanisms through which UPFs may contribute to cancer development, including harmful additives, neo-formed contaminants, and packaging-derived substances, as well as the displacement of protective nutrients found in whole foods. Despite limitations in establishing direct causality, epidemiological studies consistently associate high UPF intake with increased incidence of various cancers, notably colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers. These findings reflect a broader paradigm shift in nutritional epidemiology, recognizing that food processing is an essential dimension of diet-related health risks. To mitigate the impact of UPFs, the review emphasizes the need for preventive strategies that integrate clear dietary guidelines, regulatory measures on food labeling and additives, and public education campaigns. Successful international experiences in regulating marketing and improving transparency serve as important references. Moreover, eliminating corporate influence and conflicts of interest is crucial to ensure that public health, rather than industry agendas, guides nutrition policy. As scientific research advances to clarify the mechanisms of action and synergistic effects of harmful compounds in UPFs, coordinated efforts are needed to reduce their consumption and ultimately alleviate the global cancer burden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17132064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T09:04:49Z","timestamp":1750410289000},"page":"2064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Ultraprocessed Food and Risk of Cancer: Mechanistic Pathways and Public Health Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2942-6932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna","family":"Menegassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sociology and Communication Department, Social Sciences Faculty, Salamanca University, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manlio","family":"Vinciguerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024). 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