{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:54:02Z","timestamp":1789523642186,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Partial cystectomy is a surgical bladder-sparing option for selected patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), urachal adenocarcinoma and diverticular bladder tumors. Partial cystectomy hold several advantages. It allows for definite pathology and accurate staging while avoiding side effects from radiation therapy and preserves the option for salvage radical therapy (radical cystectomy or radical radiotherapy). Patients should have a CT urogram, prostatic urethral biopsy and mapping biopsies or blue light cystoscopy to rule out multifocal disease or CIS. Small solitary MIBC patients without carcinoma in situ in an area of the bladder where resection can be performed with negative margin would be the ideal candidates for partial cystectomy. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy is recommended for patients undergoing partial cystectomy. Partial cystectomy can be performed either by open or robotic approaches. When compared to radical cystectomy, partial cystectomy affords a lower complication rate and length of stay and better quality of life. Recurrence-free survival, cancer-specific survival and overall survival at 5 years is 39\u201367%, 62\u201384% and 45\u201370%, respectively. Following partial cystectomy, patients should have three monthly cystoscopy and urinary cytology for the first 24 months followed by 6-monthly cystoscopy for year 3 and 4 and then yearly for life. Cross-sectional imaging should be performed every 3\u20136 months for the first 2\u20133 years and then annually for 5 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17152562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T11:54:51Z","timestamp":1754308491000},"page":"2562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Partial Cystectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6353-3611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter S.","family":"Palencia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3691-3987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nethusan","family":"Sivanesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7417-1599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fady","family":"Ghali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Colberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8070-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashwin","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals, London W1G 8PH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals, London W1G 8PH, UK"},{"name":"Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8755-9688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byron H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish M.","family":"Kamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6119-4043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Shen","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"},{"name":"Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.7393","article-title":"Effect of Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy with Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion vs. Open Radical Cystectomy on 90-Day Morbidity and Mortality Among Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"327","author":"Catto","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2023.04.004","article-title":"Robot-assisted Radical Cystectomy Versus Open Radical Cystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Perioperative, Oncological, and Quality of Life Outcomes Using Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"84","author":"Khetrapal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. 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