{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:34:28Z","timestamp":1787164468469,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is one of the most life-threatening female malignancies that affects 300,000 women annually worldwide. Impaired mechanisms of DNA repair are the leading cause of mutations underlying the OvCa development. microRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of genes by binding to their transcripts and inducing mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation. Here, we review the miRNA-mediated dysregulation of genes involved in DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair pathways in OvCa. Apparently, miRNAs are capable of targeting the crucial mediators of DDR (e.g., miR-203a-3p targeting ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated)), homologous repair (such as BRCA1 targeted by miR-9, miR-1255b, miR-193b, and miR-148b), non-homologous end joining (with RNF8 being regulated by miR-214), nucleotide excision repair (involving DDB2 targeted by miR-328-3p), or translesion DNA synthesis (involving RAD18, participating also in homologous repair and targeted by miR-379-5p). We also discuss miRNAs (such as miR-519a-3p, let-7e, miR-216b), which affect responses to OvCa therapy by targeting PARP1 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1). Finally, we also discuss why, despite the identification of multiple miRNAs capable of regulating DNA repair genes, as well as those involved in the response to therapy, no miRNA-based drugs have been approved for OvCa treatment in clinics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17183011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T16:27:33Z","timestamp":1757953653000},"page":"3011","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["DNA Damage and Repair in Ovarian Cancer: Focus on MicroRNAs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9606-1585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna D.","family":"Arczewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5348-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Piekie\u0142ko-Witkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-024-00881-3","article-title":"Global epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"21","author":"Webb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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