{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:05:40Z","timestamp":1790960740082,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>CAR-T therapy has transformed the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), particularly in pediatric and young adult patients. Many studies report one-year overall survival rates of between 60% and 80% following therapy. Event-free survival rates at one year are around 50\u201370%, with 40\u201350% of patients in remission after two years. Despite these impressive results, disease relapse remains a problem. Future CAR-T cell platforms should target multiple antigens, and the optimal design of such constructs must be determined. Modern trials should explore the role of CAR-T cell therapy as a consolidation treatment for patients with high-risk ALL, including those with persistent minimal residual disease at the end of induction\/consolidation therapy, an IKZF1-positive gene expression profile, or a TP53 mutation or Ph-like gene expression profile. Improving the efficiency of gene-editing methods could lead to higher success rates in creating CAR-T cells, as well as reducing manufacturing time and costs. Producing universal CAR-T cells from healthy donors could significantly reduce production time and costs. These issues underscore the dynamic and evolving nature of B-ALL research. Ongoing studies and clinical trials are addressing many of these challenges in order to improve outcomes for B-ALL patients and expand the applications of CAR-T cell therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17183027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T14:31:41Z","timestamp":1758033101000},"page":"3027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["CAR-T Cell Therapies in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Emerging Data and Open Issues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Caterina","family":"Alati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies Unit (CTMO), Department of Hemato-Oncology and Radiotherapy, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano \u201cBianchi-Melacrino-Morelli\u201d, 89133 Reggio Calabria, Italy"},{"name":"Stem Cell Transplant Program CIC587, 89133 Reggio Calabria, 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