{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:46:14Z","timestamp":1790660774272,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Absence of residual cancer in radical cystectomy (RC) specimens is a well-known positive prognostic factor for non-muscle and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC and MIBC) in patients with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Understanding the clinical and pathological features associated with a final pT0 status can provide valuable prognostic insights, serve as a surrogate marker for survival outcomes, and help identify candidates suitable for bladder-sparing strategies. Methods: Temporal trends and clinical\/demographic characteristics across clinically high-\/very-high-risk NMIBC or MIBC RC patients from 2009 to 2024 were explored. Subsequently, RC pT0 patients were propensity score-matched (PSM, 1:1 ratio) with the &gt;pT0 population based on age-adjusted CCI and preoperative clinical stage (cTis-T1 vs. cT2). Multivariable regression modelling was applied to explore predictors of pT0 status stratified according to clinical NMIBC or MIBC status. Results: A total of 655 RCs performed with curative intent were included (43% for MIBC, 57% for NMIBC). Of these, 117 were pT0 at final pathological assessment (68 NMIBC and 49 MIBC). Subsequently, 228 PSM patients (114 pT0 vs. 114 &gt;pT0) were extracted from the original cohort and stratified according to preoperative clinical stage (MIBC vs. NMIBC). In multivariable analysis, male gender was associated with an increased likelihood of pT0 status in the NMIBC cohort (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.89, 95% CI 1.13\u20137.90). Conversely, BCG failure and concomitant CIS independently reduced the chances of achieving pT0 status (aOR: 0.40, 95% CI 0.19\u20130.99; aOR: 0.16, 95% CI 0.03\u20130.97). For MIBC patients, as expected, NAC more than doubled the chances of achieving pT0 status (aOR: 2.20, 95% CI 1.01\u20136.82). On the other hand, the concomitant presence of CIS reduced the likelihood of pT0 achievement (aOR 0.22, 95% CI, 0.06\u20130.80). In both cohorts, the presence of variant histology (VH) demonstrated a negative association with pT0 achievement; however, the estimated effect did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.09 and p = 0.08). Conclusions: Our findings suggest potentially raising the threshold for RC consideration in high-risk or very-high-risk NMIBC patients with a favourable risk profile. MIBC patients without additional risk factors (CIS and VH) are more likely to achieve a tumour-free status, particularly when adequately receiving NAC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17193110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T12:15:31Z","timestamp":1758716131000},"page":"3110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Contemporary Trends and Predictors of pT0 in Radical Cystectomy Specimens Among Non-Muscle and Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis from a Single Tertiary Centre in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3865-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Del Giudice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, Umberto I Hospital, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA"},{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Santarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, Umberto I Hospital, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Spurna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Ghazi","family":"Ali Kirmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noor Huda","family":"Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Abu-Ghanem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsie","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Challacombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel J.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3051-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Hegazy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youssef","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1074-7290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3168-1435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Corvino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, Umberto I Hospital, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4315-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felice","family":"Crocetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"\u0141aszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Centre of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50367 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Rocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin I.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Thuraraja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Shamin","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.08.016","article-title":"European Association of Urology Guidelines on Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (TaT1 and Carcinoma In Situ)\u20142019 Update","volume":"76","author":"Babjuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. 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