{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:59:03Z","timestamp":1790161143249,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare and aggressive cancer. Standard of care for unresectable disease consists of chemotherapy, vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition, immunotherapy, or combinations thereof. Despite recent therapeutic advances, validated diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are lacking, and no targeted therapies have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to date. Given the growing body of research investigating molecular alterations in PM, this review summarizes emerging diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, discusses potentially targetable molecular alterations, and examines ongoing trials directed at targeting specific molecular mechanisms in this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17233863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T11:29:30Z","timestamp":1764761370000},"page":"3863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Circulating Biomarkers and Targeted Therapy in Pleural Mesothelioma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6432-5635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8764-4359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyudmila","family":"Bazhenova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1916-2176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen M.","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Syed, H.A., and Wallen, J.M. 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