{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T05:34:28Z","timestamp":1791005668292,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ViiV Healthcare LLC","award":["207709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["207709"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012781","name":"Merck, Sharp and Dohme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LKR196747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LKR196747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Gilead Sciences","award":["CO-EU-311-4339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CO-EU-311-4339"]}]},{"name":"the Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections"},{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia","award":["GNT1050874"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1050874"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Whilst cancer is a leading cause of death in people with HIV, less is known about clinical outcomes after cancer. Methods: Participants from the RESPOND and D:A:D cohorts with the five most common cancers (Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma (KS); non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL); and lung, anal and prostate cancers) were followed from first cancer diagnosis after 2006\/2012 [D:A:D\/RESPOND] until death, final follow-up or administrative censoring (2016\/2021). Incidence rates (IR) were calculated for post-cancer mortality; for non-fatal events (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, another primary cancer, AIDS events) individually and as a non-fatal composite clinical outcome (CCO). Predictors or mortality and CCO were assessed using Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations. Results: Amongst 2485 participants with cancer, mortality and CCO IRs were highest after lung cancer (445.4\/1000 person years [95% CI 399.7, 494.9], 117.1 [94.3, 143.8], respectively) compared to other cancers and lowest after KS (21.3 [16.9, 26.6], 43.9 [37.5, 51.3]). The most common non-fatal outcomes were AIDS events after NHL and KS, diabetes after lung and prostate cancer and another primary cancer after anal cancer. Among people with NHL and anal cancer, a diagnosis in more recent years was associated with lower mortality risk. Increasing the time-updated CD4 count reduced mortality by 15\u201340% (per 100 cells\/\u00b5L) after NHL and anal and lung cancers and reduced CCO risk by 17\u201328% after KS and NHL. Smoking, low BMI and multimorbidity increased CCO risks by two to three times after KS and NHL. Conclusions: Risk of post-cancer mortality and non-fatal outcomes varies by cancer type and risk profile, suggesting the need for personalized post-cancer clinical monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17244000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T08:46:52Z","timestamp":1765874812000},"page":"4000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mortality and Non-Fatal Clinical Outcomes After the Most Common Cancers in People with HIV: A Multicohort Collaboration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7451-8116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alisa","family":"Timiryasova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHIP\u2014Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHIP\u2014Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1138-5770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pere","family":"Domingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Infection Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Sant Quint\u00ed, 89, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Reial Acad\u00e8mia de Medicina de Catalunya, 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1488-5407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip E.","family":"Tarr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS), Kantonsspital Baselland, University of Basel, 4101 Bruderholz, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0648-4416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Egle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Medical University Department, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8995-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, CHU Saint-Pierre, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 322 rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mussini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Modena HIV Cohort, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Di Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand","family":"Wit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Therapy Evaluation in the Netherlands (ATHENA) Cohort, Stichting HIV Monitoring & Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1018 VN Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3793-2755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Cingolani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Cohort Naive Antiretrovirals (ICONA), Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Castagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Universit\u00e0 Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Petoumenos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD), Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5173-2760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Sabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research, Epidemiology, Modelling and Evaluation, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Bonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux and Bordeaux University, BPH, INSERM U1219, 33076 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Lundgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHIP\u2014Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1162-3513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Bottanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Universit\u00e0 Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Hosein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European AIDS Treatment Group, 1000 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Carlander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1716-993X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alain","family":"Amstutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Electronic Health Records Group, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK"},{"name":"Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Grabmeier-Pfistershammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harmony","family":"Garges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ViiV Healthcare, Global Medical, Durham, NC 27709, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Marongiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Real World Evidence Virology Department, Gilead Sciences, London WC1V 7EE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lital A.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Medical Affair, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHIP\u2014Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lene","family":"Ryom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHIP\u2014Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital, DK-2650 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the D:A:D and RESPOND Study groups","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e495","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(17)30125-X","article-title":"Cancer risk in HIV-infected people in the USA from 1996 to 2012: A population-based, registry-linkage study","volume":"4","author":"Shiels","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101613","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of non-AIDS-defining cancers among people living with HIV: A systematic review and 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