{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T02:41:42Z","timestamp":1793155302628,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented transformation in breast cancer management, driven by parallel advances in targeted therapies, immunomodulation, drug-delivery technologies, and molecular diagnostic tools. This review summarizes the key achievements of 2015\u20132025, encompassing all major biological subtypes of breast cancer as well as technological innovations with substantial clinical relevance. In hormone receptor-positive (HR+)\/HER2\u2212 disease, the integration of CDK4\/6 inhibitors, modulators of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway, oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders (SERDs), and real-time monitoring of Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations has enabled clinicians to overcome endocrine resistance and dynamically tailor treatment based on evolving molecular alterations detected in circulating biomarkers. In HER2-positive breast cancer, treatment paradigms have been revolutionized by next-generation antibody\u2013drug conjugates, advanced antibody formats, and technologies facilitating drug penetration across the blood\u2013brain barrier, collectively improving systemic and central nervous system disease control. The most rapid progress has occurred in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), where synergistic strategies combining selective cytotoxicity via Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), DNA damage response inhibitors, immunotherapy, epigenetic modulation, and therapies targeting immunometabolic pathways have markedly expanded therapeutic opportunities for this historically challenging subtype. In parallel, photodynamic therapy has emerged as an investigational and predominantly local phototheranostic approach, incorporating nanocarriers, next-generation photosensitizers, and photoimmunotherapy capable of inducing immunogenic cell death and modulating antitumor immune responses. A defining feature of the past decade has been the surge in patent-driven innovation, encompassing multispecific antibodies, optimized ADC architectures, novel linker\u2013payload designs, and advanced nanotechnological and photoactive delivery systems. By integrating data from clinical trials, molecular analyses, and patent landscapes, this review illustrates how multimechanistic, biomarker-guided therapies supported by advanced drug-delivery technologies are redefining contemporary precision oncology in breast cancer. The emerging therapeutic paradigm underscores the convergence of targeted therapy, immunomodulation, synthetic lethality, and localized immune-activating approaches, charting a path toward further personalization of treatment in the years ahead.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18030361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T17:52:38Z","timestamp":1769190758000},"page":"361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Decade of Innovation in Breast Cancer (2015\u20132025): A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Trials, Targeted Therapies and Molecular Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6851-5869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaudia","family":"Dynarowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzesz\u00f3w, 35-310 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5557-5464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Bartusik-Aebisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzesz\u00f3w, 35-310 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Czech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"English Division Science Club, Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzesz\u00f3w, 35-310 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1284-3809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Kawczyk-Krupka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2661-6570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Aebisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzesz\u00f3w, 35-310 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Ferlay, J., Ervik, M., Lam, F., Laversanne, M., Colombet, M., Mery, L., Pi\u00f1eros, M., Znaor, A., Soerjomataram, I., and Bray, F. (2024). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today, International Agency for Research on Cancer."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (2024). Breast Cancer. Fact Sheets, World Health Organisation."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.5603\/NJO.2023.0026","article-title":"Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Poland in 2020","volume":"73","author":"Wojciechowska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nowotw. J. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, J.W., Charkhchi, P., Adekunte, S., and Akbari, M.R. (2023). What Is Known about Breast Cancer in Young Women?. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15061917"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3309","article-title":"The ERBB Network: At Last, Cancer Therapy Meets Systems Biology","volume":"12","author":"Yarden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2008.12.010","article-title":"ErbB Receptors and Signaling Pathways in Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Hynes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3798106","article-title":"Human Breast Cancer: Correlation of Relapse and Survival with Amplification of the HER-2\/neu Oncogene","volume":"235","author":"Slamon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32417-5","article-title":"HER2-Positive Breast Cancer","volume":"389","author":"Loibl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14786","article-title":"An Update on the Pathological Classification of Breast Cancer","volume":"82","author":"Rakha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2015.07.008","article-title":"Clinical Implications of the Intrinsic Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer","volume":"24","author":"Prat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v5.i3.412","article-title":"Biological Subtypes of Breast Cancer: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications","volume":"5","author":"Yersal","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-008-9131-6","article-title":"Basal vs. Luminal A Breast Cancer Subtypes: A Matched Case-Control Study Using Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and HER-2 as Surrogate Markers","volume":"26","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz173","article-title":"Early Breast Cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up","volume":"30","author":"Cardoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2203690","article-title":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated HER2-Low Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"387","author":"Modi","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17588359231152842","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359231152842","article-title":"The HER2-Low Revolution in Breast Oncology: Steps Forward and Emerging Challenges","volume":"15","author":"Curigliano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, J., Zhang, L., and Geng, C. (2023). HER-2 Ultra-Low Breast Cancer: Exploring the Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in a Retrospective Study. Front. Oncol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1210314"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32454-0","article-title":"Molecular Alterations in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Road to New Treatment Strategies","volume":"389","author":"Denkert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1813904","article-title":"Alpelisib for PIK3CA-Mutated, Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"380","author":"Ciruelos","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.2295","article-title":"Association of Circulating Tumor DNA and Circulating Tumor Cells After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Disease Recurrence in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Radovich","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Ungureanu, C. (2024). A Comprehensive Analysis of Breast Cancer Clinical Trials: Trends and Patterns. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya]."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"(2025, January 20). ClinicalTrials.gov, Available online: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/search?cond=Breast%20Cancer."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607303","article-title":"Palbociclib and Letrozole in Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"375","author":"Finn","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809615","article-title":"Atezolizumab and Nab-Paclitaxel in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"379","author":"Schmid","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1706450","article-title":"Olaparib for Metastatic Breast Cancer in Patients with a Germline BRCA Mutation","volume":"377","author":"Robson","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s12609-019-00334-2","article-title":"I-SPY 2: A Neoadjuvant Adaptive Clinical Trial Designed to Improve Outcomes in High-Risk Breast Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Breast Cancer Rep."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2024.10.015","article-title":"A Phase III Trial of Adjuvant Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy versus Endocrine Therapy Alone in Patients with HR-Positive\/HER2-Negative Early Breast Cancer: Final Invasive Disease-Free Survival Results from the NATALEE Trial","volume":"36","author":"Hortobagyi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2015.0099","article-title":"New Generation of Breast Cancer Clinical Trials Implementing Molecular Profiling","volume":"13","author":"Zardavas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/35021093","article-title":"Molecular Portraits of Human Breast Tumours","volume":"406","author":"Perou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2015.117","article-title":"ESR1 Mutations: A Mechanism for Acquired Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer","volume":"12","author":"Jeselsohn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3090","article-title":"Cyclin D as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Musgrove","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-0264","article-title":"The Genetic Landscape and Clonal Evolution of Breast Cancer Resistance to Palbociclib plus Fulvestrant in the PALOMA-3 Trial","volume":"8","author":"Cutts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32419-9","article-title":"Advances in the Treatment of Advanced Oestrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer","volume":"389","author":"Turner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.37349\/etat.2022.00078","article-title":"Role of the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR Pathway in Mediating Endocrine Resistance: Concept to Clinic","volume":"3","author":"Skolariki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Explor. Target. Antitumor Ther."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cancer Genome Atlas Network (2012). Comprehensive Molecular Portraits of Human Breast Tumours. Nature, 490, 61\u201370.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11412"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-0728","article-title":"Early Adaptation and Acquired Resistance to CDK4\/6 Inhibition in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer","volume":"76","author":"Palafox","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0000000000000249","article-title":"CDK4\/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Dukelow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2401994","article-title":"Development of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Modulators as Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Hematological Malignancies","volume":"15","author":"Senderowicz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R77","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2419","article-title":"PD 0332991, a Selective Cyclin D Kinase 4\/6 Inhibitor, Preferentially Inhibits Proliferation of Luminal Estrogen Receptor-Positive Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro","volume":"11","author":"Finn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4018","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2010.154","article-title":"Therapeutic CDK4\/6 Inhibition in Breast Cancer: Key Mechanisms of Response and Failure","volume":"29","author":"Dean","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23465","article-title":"CDK4\/6 Inhibition Triggers Anti-Tumour Immunity","volume":"548","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1609709","article-title":"Ribociclib as First-Line Therapy for HR-Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"375","author":"Hortobagyi","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17588359231216095","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359231216095","article-title":"Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison of PFS and OS Comparing Ribociclib plus Letrozole versus Palbociclib plus Letrozole as First-Line Treatment of HR+\/HER2\u2212 Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Jhaveri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30292-4","article-title":"Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy for Premenopausal Women with Hormone-Receptor-Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer (MONALEESA-7): A Randomised Phase 3 Trial","volume":"19","author":"Tripathy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-3032","article-title":"Updated Overall Survival of Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy versus Endocrine Therapy Alone in Pre- and Perimenopausal Patients with HR+\/HER2\u2212 Advanced Breast Cancer in MONALEESA-7: A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"28","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.78.9909","article-title":"Phase III Randomized Study of Ribociclib and Fulvestrant in Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: MONALEESA-3","volume":"36","author":"Slamon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-023-01701-9","article-title":"Updated Overall Survival from the MONALEESA-3 Trial in Postmenopausal Women with HR+\/HER2\u2212 Advanced Breast Cancer Receiving First-Line Ribociclib plus Fulvestrant","volume":"25","author":"Neven","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-021-06334-0","article-title":"Full Population Results from the Core Phase of CompLEEment-1, a Phase 3b Study of Ribociclib plus Letrozole as First-Line Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer in an Expanded Population","volume":"189","author":"Borstnar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.24.00144","article-title":"Final Results of RIGHT Choice: Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy versus Combination Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Women with Clinically Aggressive HR+\/HER2\u2212 Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"42","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.12.013","article-title":"Palbociclib in Combination with Endocrine Therapy versus Capecitabine in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative, Aromatase Inhibitor-Resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer: The Phase III PEARL Trial","volume":"32","author":"Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2025.3687","article-title":"600- vs 400-mg First-Line Ribociclib in HR-Positive\/ERBB2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: The AMALEE Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"11","author":"Cardoso","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02554","article-title":"Adjuvant Palbociclib for Early Breast Cancer: The PALLAS Trial Results (ABCSG-42\/AFT-05\/BIG-14-03)","volume":"40","author":"Gnant","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-024-01941-3","article-title":"Outcomes in Stage IIA versus Stage IIB\/III in the PALLAS Trial (ABCSG-42\/AFT-05\/PrE0109\/BIG-14-13)","volume":"27","author":"DeMichele","year":"2025","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.07.029","article-title":"The PI3K Pathway in Human Disease","volume":"170","author":"Fruman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.02.004","article-title":"mTOR Signaling in Growth, Metabolism, and Disease","volume":"168","author":"Saxton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10912","article-title":"The Translational Landscape of mTOR Signalling Steers Cancer Initiation and Metastasis","volume":"485","author":"Hsieh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-018-4697-y","article-title":"Targeting the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review","volume":"169","author":"Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fusco, N., Sajjadi, E., Venetis, K., Gaudioso, G., Lopez, G., Corti, C., Rocco, E.G., Criscitiello, C., Malapelle, U., and Invernizzi, M. (2020). PTEN Alterations and Their Role in Cancer Management: Are We Making Headway on Precision Medicine?. Genes, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11070719"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05933","article-title":"A Transforming Mutation in the Pleckstrin Homology Domain of AKT1 in Cancer","volume":"448","author":"Carpten","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-2332","article-title":"Emergence of Constitutively Active Estrogen Receptor-\u03b1 Mutations in Pretreated Advanced Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer","volume":"20","author":"Jeselsohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"217","article-title":"Role of mTOR Inhibition in Preventing Resistance and Restoring Sensitivity to Hormone-Targeted and HER2-Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Mayer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Adv. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4324","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59210-6","article-title":"Capivasertib plus Fulvestrant in Patients with HR-Positive\/HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Phase 3 CAPItello-291 Study Extended Chinese Cohort","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1109653","article-title":"Everolimus in Postmenopausal Hormone-Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"366","author":"Baselga","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5844","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125844","article-title":"Functional Analysis of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR Pathway Inhibitor Gedatolisib plus Fulvestrant with and without Palbociclib in Breast Cancer Models","volume":"26","author":"Broege","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)00106-6","article-title":"Pictilisib for Oestrogen Receptor-Positive, Aromatase Inhibitor-Resistant, Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer (FERGI): A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial","volume":"17","author":"Krop","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e629","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00673-9","article-title":"Alpelisib plus Fulvestrant in PIK3CA-Mutated, Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer after a CDK4\/6 Inhibitor (BYLieve)","volume":"25","author":"Rugo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-023-01649-w","article-title":"XENERA-1: A Randomised Double-Blind Phase II Trial of Xentuzumab in Combination with Everolimus and Exemestane vs. Everolimus and Exemestane in HR+\/HER2\u2212 Metastatic Breast Cancer with Non-Visceral Disease","volume":"25","author":"Schmid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2404625","article-title":"Inavolisib-Based Therapy in PIK3CA-Mutated Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"391","author":"Turner","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2501796","article-title":"Overall Survival with Inavolisib in PIK3CA-Mutated Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"393","author":"Jhaveri","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00373-5","article-title":"Capivasertib and Fulvestrant for Patients with HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer (CAPItello-291): Patient-Reported Outcomes from a Phase 3 Trial","volume":"25","author":"Oliveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"LBA1005","article-title":"Fulvestrant and Ipatasertib for Advanced HER2-Negative, ER-Positive Breast Cancer after Progression on CDK4\/6 and Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy: CCTG\/BCT MA.40\/FINER Trial (NCT04650581)","volume":"43","author":"Redfern","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30688-5","article-title":"Buparlisib plus Fulvestrant in Postmenopausal Women with HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer Progressing on or after mTOR Inhibition (BELLE-3): A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial","volume":"19","author":"Johnston","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-416673-8.00004-6","article-title":"Modulation of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Activity and Expression during Breast Cancer Progression","volume":"93","author":"Kerdivel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vitam. Horm."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000745","article-title":"Advances in Endocrine and Targeted Therapy for HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"133","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hernando, C., Ortega-Morillo, B., Tapia, M., Morag\u00f3n, S., Mart\u00ednez, M.T., Eroles, P., Garrido-Cano, I., Adam-Artigues, A., Lluch, A., and Bermejo, B. (2021). Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders (SERDs) as a Novel Breast Cancer Therapy: Present and Future from a Clinical Perspective. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22157812"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.67.3061","article-title":"Plasma ESR1 Mutations and the Treatment of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"34","author":"Fribbens","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2823","article-title":"Activating ESR1 Mutations in Hormone-Resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer","volume":"45","author":"Robinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17588359221113694","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359221113694","article-title":"Next-Generation Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders and Other Novel Endocrine Therapies for Metastatic HR-Positive Breast Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Lloyd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-021-03588-5","article-title":"Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor DNA in Breast Cancer","volume":"147","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00338","article-title":"Elacestrant versus Standard Endocrine Therapy for ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Results from the Phase III EMERALD Trial","volume":"40","author":"Bidard","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502929","article-title":"First-Line Camizestrant for Emerging ESR1-Mutated Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"393","author":"Bidard","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410858","article-title":"Imlunestrant with or without Abemaciclib in Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"392","author":"Jhaveri","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/s41523-024-00684-w","article-title":"Palbociclib plus Tamoxifen in HR-Positive\/HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Results of the Phase 3 PATHWAY Study","volume":"10","author":"Noguchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1080\/14796694.2024.2377530","article-title":"VERITAC-2: A Phase III study of vepdegestrant, a PROTAC ER degrader, versus fulvestrant in ER+\/HER2- advanced breast cancer","volume":"20","author":"Hamilton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00579-0","article-title":"Targeting HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Advances and Future Directions","volume":"22","author":"Swain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"e1274","article-title":"HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis: A New and Exciting Landscape","volume":"5","author":"Zimmer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Rep."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-Alvarez, A., Papakonstantinou, A., and Oliveira, M. (2021). Brain Metastases in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Current and Novel Treatment Strategies. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13122927"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, X., Yang, H., Yu, X., and Qin, J.J. (2022). Drug-Resistant HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Overcoming Strategies. Front. Pharmacol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1012552"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, Y., Nitta, H., and Li, Z. (2023). HER2 Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Breast Cancer: An Evolving Concept. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15102664"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38508","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038508","article-title":"HER2\/PI3K\/AKT Pathway in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Review","volume":"103","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2022.221","article-title":"PIK3CA Mutation Is Associated with Poor Response to HER2-Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z.H., Zheng, Z.Q., Jia, S.C., Liu, S.N., Xiao, X.F., Chen, G.Y., Liang, W.Q., and Lu, X.F. (2022). Trastuzumab Resistance in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Emerging Biomarkers and Targeting Agents. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1006429"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0635-y","article-title":"Mechanisms of Resistance to Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer","volume":"122","author":"Hunter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003171","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003171","article-title":"Role of Fc\u03b3 Receptors in HER2-Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy","volume":"10","author":"Musolino","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_94","unstructured":"Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. (2025). Therapy for Drug-Resistant Cancer by Administration of Anti-HER2 Antibody\/Drug Conjugate. (AU2025201016A1), Australian Patent."},{"key":"ref_95","unstructured":"Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. (2025). Combination of Anti-HER2 Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugate with Other Agents. (WO2025164597A1), International Patent."},{"key":"ref_96","unstructured":"Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd (2025). Method for Producing an Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugate. (JP7674542B2), Japanese Patent."},{"key":"ref_97","unstructured":"Genentech Inc., and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (2025). Adjuvant Treatment of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. (US20250018032A1), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_98","unstructured":"Genentech Inc., and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (2024). Subcutaneous HER2 Antibody Formulations. (US20240269064A1), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_99","unstructured":"Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (2023). Trispecific Antibodies Specific for HER2 and a Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Receptor and Methods of Use. (US20230212312A1), U.S. Patent, Granted as U.S. Patent US12331134B2, 17 June 2025."},{"key":"ref_100","unstructured":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Genentech Inc., and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (2025). Combination of Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibodies with PI3K Inhibitors for Treatment of HER2-Positive Cancer. (WO2025122745A1), International Patent."},{"key":"ref_101","unstructured":"Genentech Inc., and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (2023). Combination Therapies for Treatment of HER2 Cancer. (Application US20230310455A1), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_102","unstructured":"AstraZeneca UK Ltd., and Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd (2025). Combinations of Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugates and Bispecific Checkpoint Inhibitors. (CN119654169A), Chinese Patent."},{"key":"ref_103","unstructured":"Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd (2025). Combination of Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugate and RAS G12C Inhibitor. (JP2025503511A), Japanese Patent."},{"key":"ref_104","unstructured":"Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. (2023). Combinations of Anti-HER2 Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugates with HER Dimerization Inhibitors. (KR20230042055A), Korean Patent."},{"key":"ref_105","unstructured":"Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (2025). Combination Therapy with Targeted 4-1BB (CD137) Agonists. (US12281153B2), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41523-022-00468-0","article-title":"Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Pitfalls and Progress","volume":"8","author":"Zagami","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lehmann, B.D., Jovanovi\u0107, B., Chen, X., Estrada, M.V., Johnson, K.N., Shyr, Y., Moses, H.L., Sanders, M.E., and Pietenpol, J.A. (2016). Refinement of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes: Implications for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Selection. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157368"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-0432","article-title":"Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Identifies Novel Subtypes and Targets of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Burstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2019.02.001","article-title":"Genomic and Transcriptomic Landscape of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers: Subtypes and Treatment Strategies","volume":"35","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0850-9","article-title":"Therapeutic Landscape in Mutational Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"17","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37537-2","article-title":"Homologous Recombination Deficiency Derived from Whole-Genome Sequencing Predicts Platinum Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers","volume":"14","author":"Moser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2300338","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.23.00338","article-title":"Homologous Recombination Deficiency across Subtypes of Primary Breast Cancer","volume":"7","author":"Yndestad","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCO Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ciarka, A., Pi\u0105tek, M., P\u0119ksa, R., Kunc, M., and Senkus, E. (2024). Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) in Breast Cancer: Prognostic and Predictive Significance across Molecular Subtypes. Biomedicines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12040763"},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"2885","article-title":"The Prognostic Significance of TILs as a Biomarker in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Role of TILs in the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000503","article-title":"Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Central Nervous System Metastases: From the Laboratory to the Clinic","volume":"27","author":"Zimmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_116","unstructured":"Immunomedics Inc. (2021). Treatment of High Trop-2 Expressing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with Sacituzumab Govitecan and Rad51 Inhibitors. (US10918734B2), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_117","unstructured":"Boaoxin Biotechnology Nanjing Co., Ltd (2022). Anti-TROP2 Nanobody: Preparation Method and Application. (CN112321715B), Chinese Patent."},{"key":"ref_118","unstructured":"Innate Pharma SA (2025). Nectin-4 Binding Agents. (EP4532020A1), European Patent Application."},{"key":"ref_119","unstructured":"Seagen Inc. (2021). Humanized Antibody Against LIV-1 and Its Use for Cancer Treatment. (JP6869218B2), Japanese Patent."},{"key":"ref_120","unstructured":"Immunomedics Inc. (2020). Anti\u2013PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitor Antibodies that Block PD-L1 Binding. (US10669338B2), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_121","unstructured":"Gilead Sciences Inc. (2025). PD-1\/PD-L1 Inhibitors. (ES3035911T3), Spanish Patent."},{"key":"ref_122","unstructured":"Bolt Biotherapeutics Inc. (2023). Anti-TROP2 Aminobenzazepine Immunoconjugates and Uses Thereof. (WO2023154318A1), International Patent Application."},{"key":"ref_123","unstructured":"INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, and Institut Paoli-Calmettes (2022). Antibodies Having Specificity to Nectin-4 and Uses Thereof. (US11274160B2), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_124","unstructured":"BicycleTx Ltd. (2023). Bicyclic Peptide Ligands Specific for OX40. (US11613560B2), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_125","unstructured":"Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. (2025). Combination of Antibody\u2013Drug Conjugates with PARP Inhibitors. (JP7608164B2), Japanese Patent."},{"key":"ref_126","unstructured":"Gilead Sciences Inc., and Arcus Biosciences (2023). Combination Therapy for Treating TROP-2 Expressing Cancers. (TW202345845A), Taiwan Patent."},{"key":"ref_127","unstructured":"Hengyi Biopharma (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (2023). Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. (TWI816881B), Taiwan Patent."},{"key":"ref_128","unstructured":"Novartis AG (2021). Combined Use of Anti-PD-1 and Anti-M-CSF Antibodies in the Treatment of Cancer. (US11001628B2), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gunaydin, G., Gedik, M.E., and Ayan, S. (2021). Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer: A Review of Current Clinical Status. Front. Chem., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.686303"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.4048\/jbc.2014.17.2.161","article-title":"Additive Treatment Effect of Photodynamic Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients with Chest Wall Recurrence: A Pilot Randomized Study","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12471","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR08691D","article-title":"Photonanomedicine: A Convergence of Photodynamic Therapy and Nanotechnology","volume":"8","author":"Obaid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calixto, G.M., Bernegossi, J., de Freitas, L.M., Fontana, C.R., and Chorilli, M. (2016). Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer: A Review. Molecules, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21030342"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4998","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27775","article-title":"Photodynamic Treatment with Anionic Nanoclays Containing Curcumin on Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells","volume":"120","author":"Khorsandi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19295","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b05347","article-title":"Nanodrug Formed by Coassembly of Dual Anticancer Drugs to Inhibit Cancer Cell Drug Resistance","volume":"7","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1021\/nn506757x","article-title":"Iron Oxide-Decorated MoS2 Nanosheets with Double PEGylation for Chelator-Free Radiolabeling and Multimodal Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamaguchi, H., On, J., Morita, T., Suzuki, T., Okada, Y., Ono, J., and Evdokiou, A. (2021). Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Using Trastuzumab and a Small Protein Mimetic for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212213"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Wang, L., Kong, F., Liu, T., and Liu, H. (2025). Immunomodulatory Photosensitizer-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Synergizes with PD-L1 Blockade against Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front. Pharmacol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1651165"}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/18\/3\/361\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T05:12:09Z","timestamp":1769836329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/18\/3\/361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers18030361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers18030361","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]}}}