{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:36:55Z","timestamp":1787027815093,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm. Studies of chemokines in MM pathogenesis have primarily focused on CCR1 ligands such as CCL3 (MIP-1\u03b1), CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4, as well as CXCR2 and CXCR3 ligands. However, the roles of the remaining 30 chemokines have been investigated much less frequently. This review compiles current knowledge on the significance of lesser-known chemokines in MM tumor processes, including CXCL13, CCR2 ligands (CCL2 [MCP-1], CCL7 [MCP-3]), CCL4, CCL5 (RANTES), CCL17, CCL20, CCL27, CCL28, and CX3CL1 (fractalkine). It describes their impact on bone destruction, bone marrow angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and the recruitment of cells into the MM niche, such as macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and cytotoxic lymphocytes, along with their effects on mesenchymal stromal cells. A bioinformatic analysis highlights the significance of these chemokines in MM, and the possibility of targeting them in MM therapy is also considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18040673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T18:16:31Z","timestamp":1771438591000},"page":"673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Role of Rarely Studied Chemokines in Tumor Progression in Multiple Myeloma (MM)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1642-1259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Korbecki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona G\u00f3ra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona G\u00f3ra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2279-4329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Bosiacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wlkp. Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7792-5405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Stelmach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Barczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontic Surgery, Pomeranian Medical Universityin Szczecin, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13383","article-title":"Incidence and clinical features of extramedullary multiple myeloma in patients who underwent stem cell transplantation","volume":"169","author":"Weinstock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-022-00643-3","article-title":"Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma: A systematic literature review","volume":"12","author":"Beksac","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01620-2","article-title":"The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms","volume":"36","author":"Alaggio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.2128","article-title":"Global Burden of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"4","author":"Cowan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa01133202","article-title":"A long-term study of prognosis in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance","volume":"346","author":"Kyle","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403518","article-title":"Both IGH translocations and chromosome 13q deletions are early events in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and do not evolve during transition to multiple myeloma","volume":"18","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Myeloma Working Group (2003). Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: A report of the International Myeloma Working Group. Br. J. Haematol., 121, 749\u2013757.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04355.x"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e538","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5","article-title":"International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.14466","article-title":"A guide to chemokines and their receptors","volume":"285","author":"Hughes","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3858","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302821","article-title":"CCL2 shapes macrophage polarization by GM-CSF and M-CSF: Identification of CCL2\/CCR2-dependent gene expression profile","volume":"192","author":"Nieto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12975","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12975","article-title":"Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 is a myokine induced by palmitate and is required for myogenesis in mouse satellite cells","volume":"222","author":"Masuda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.10.016","article-title":"Maintenance of the hematopoietic stem cell pool by CXCL12-CXCR4 chemokine signaling in bone marrow stromal cell niches","volume":"25","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6080","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-0926","article-title":"Obesity promotes breast cancer by CCL2-mediated macrophage recruitment and angiogenesis","volume":"73","author":"Arendt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuehnemuth, B., Piseddu, I., Wiedemann, G.M., Lauseker, M., Kuhn, C., Hofmann, S., Schmoeckel, E., Endres, S., Mayr, D., and Jeschke, U. (2018). CCL1 is a major regulatory T cell attracting factor in human breast cancer. BMC Cancer, 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-5117-8"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2022.2113772","article-title":"Reduced CXCR4 expression in associated with extramedullary and predicts poor survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-009-1002-8","article-title":"CC chemokine receptor 9 enhances proliferation in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Surg."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-03-211045","article-title":"The sumoylation pathway is dysregulated in multiple myeloma and is associated with adverse patient outcome","volume":"115","author":"Driscoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R5","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2468","article-title":"Effect of training-sample size and classification difficulty on the accuracy of genomic predictors","volume":"12","author":"Popovici","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1665","article-title":"The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC)-II study of common practices for the development and validation of microarray-based predictive models","volume":"28","author":"Shi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12050","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12050","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for multiple myeloma","volume":"7","author":"Mitchell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"100625","article-title":"Integrated analysis of public datasets for the discovery and validation of survival-associated genes in solid tumors","volume":"5","year":"2024","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-1687","article-title":"Elevated serum levels of stromal-derived factor-1alpha are associated with increased osteoclast activity and osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma patients","volume":"65","author":"Zannettino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"200","article-title":"Clinical significance of chemokine receptor (CCR1, CCR2 and CXCR4) expression in human myeloma cells: The association with disease activity and survival","volume":"91","author":"Leleu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5647","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-014-1747-x","article-title":"Bone marrow mast cell density correlates with serum levels of VEGF and CXC chemokines ENA-78 and GRO-\u03b1 in multiple myeloma","volume":"35","author":"Pappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12813","article-title":"Plerixafor is effective given either preemptively or as a rescue strategy in poor stem cell mobilizing patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"55","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835836","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1835836","article-title":"Cytokine and Chemokine Profile in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib","volume":"2020","author":"Robak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2021_210527N715","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of the bone marrow microenvironment in extramedullary multiple myeloma patients","volume":"69","author":"Gregorova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02608-9","article-title":"Integrative analysis identifies CXCL11 as an immune-related prognostic biomarker correlated with cell proliferation and immune infiltration in multiple myeloma microenvironment","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-23-0088","article-title":"CXCL10 Recruitment of \u03b3\u03b4 T Cells into the Hypoxic Bone Marrow Environment Leads to IL17 Expression and Multiple Myeloma Progression","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07413-6","article-title":"Myeloma cell-derived CXCL7 facilitates proliferation of tumor cells and occurrence of osteolytic lesions through JAK\/STAT3 pathway","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80165-X","article-title":"Chemokines: A new classification system and their role in immunity","volume":"12","author":"Zlotnik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3677","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17135-2","article-title":"B cell zone reticular cell microenvironments shape CXCL13 gradient formation","volume":"11","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2022.188799","article-title":"CXCL13-CXCR5 axis: Regulation in inflammatory diseases and cancer","volume":"1877","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"209","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow regulate invasion and drug resistance of multiple myeloma cells by secreting chemokine CXCL13","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bosn. J. Basic. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402107","article-title":"Differential expression of chemokine receptors in B cell malignancies","volume":"15","year":"2001","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1136","article-title":"Cutting edge: Profile of chemokine receptor expression on human plasma cells accounts for their efficient recruitment to target tissues","volume":"170","author":"Nakayama","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1203652","article-title":"Chemokine receptors that mediate B cell homing to secondary lymphoid tissues are highly expressed in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphomas with widespread nodular dissemination","volume":"76","author":"Quintana","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06686.x","article-title":"Multiple myeloma plasma cells show different chemokine receptor profiles at sites of disease activity","volume":"138","author":"Trentin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2017.07.003","article-title":"p53 Deletion promotes myeloma cells invasion by upregulating miR19a\/CXCR5","volume":"60","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Leuk Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01366-5","article-title":"CXCL13 chemokine is a novel player in multiple myeloma osteolytic microenvironment, M2 macrophage polarization, and tumor progression","volume":"15","author":"Beider","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5235","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI99974","article-title":"HIC1 deletion promotes breast cancer progression by activating tumor cell\/fibroblast crosstalk","volume":"128","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.79438","article-title":"CXCL14 promotes metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer through ACKR2-depended signaling pathway","volume":"19","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.15587","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced CXC chemokine ligand 14 expression drives protumorigenic effects through activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signaling in glioblastoma","volume":"114","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.3c00717","article-title":"Identification of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1 as a CXCL14 Receptor Using Chemically Synthesized Tetrafunctional Probes","volume":"19","author":"Miyajima","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa080","article-title":"The chemokine CXCL14 mediates platelet function and migration via direct interaction with CXCR4","volume":"117","author":"Witte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.11.009","article-title":"CXCL14 is no direct modulator of CXCR4","volume":"588","author":"Otte","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.09.012","article-title":"CXCL14 Acts as a Specific Carrier of CpG DNA into Dendritic Cells and Activates Toll-like Receptor 9-mediated Adaptive Immunity","volume":"24","author":"Tanegashima","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107681","article-title":"Chemokine CXCL14; a double-edged sword in cancer development","volume":"97","author":"Markov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gibbs, C., So, J.Y., Ahad, A., Michalowski, A.M., Son, D.S., and Li, Y. (2022). CXCL14 Attenuates Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression by Regulating Immune Profiles of the Tumor Microenvironment in a T Cell-Dependent Manner. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169314"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8262","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-2056","article-title":"BRAK\/CXCL14 is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and a chemotactic factor for immature dendritic cells","volume":"64","author":"Shellenberger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"73","article-title":"Characterization of the bone marrow niche in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia identifies CXCL14 as a new therapeutic option","volume":"142","author":"Dolinska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1003465","article-title":"Cell surface-anchored SR-PSOX\/CXC chemokine ligand 16 mediates firm adhesion of CXC chemokine receptor 6-expressing cells","volume":"75","author":"Shimaoka","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/79738","article-title":"A transmembrane CXC chemokine is a ligand for HIV-coreceptor Bonzo","volume":"1","author":"Matloubian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2021.7","article-title":"CXC chemokine ligand 16: A Swiss army knife chemokine in cancer","volume":"23","author":"Qasim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478641","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/478641","article-title":"Chemokine CXCL16 expression suppresses migration and invasiveness and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells","volume":"2014","author":"Fang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"29","article-title":"Cutting edge: GPR35\/CXCR8 is the receptor of the mucosal chemokine CXCL17","volume":"194","author":"Burkhardt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.01.010","article-title":"GPR35 promotes neutrophil recruitment in response to serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA","volume":"185","author":"Tam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-022-00699-7","article-title":"The cryptic role of CXCL17\/CXCR8 axis in the pathogenesis of cancers: A review of the latest evidence","volume":"17","author":"Hashemi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giblin, S.P., Ranawana, S., Hassibi, S., Birchenough, H.L., Mincham, K.T., Snelgrove, R.J., Tsuchiya, T., Kanegasaki, S., Dyer, D., and Pease, J.E. (2023). CXCL17 binds efficaciously to glycosaminoglycans with the potential to modulate chemokine signaling. Front. Immunol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1254697"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.09.113","article-title":"The role and clinical significance of the CXCL17-CXCR8 (GPR35) axis in breast cancer","volume":"493","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2020.11819","article-title":"Prognostic value of CXCL17 and CXCR8 expression in patients with colon cancer","volume":"20","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0000000000001280","article-title":"Expression and clinical significance of CXCL17 and GPR35 in endometrial carcinoma","volume":"33","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anti Cancer Drugs"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.2.671.014k24_671_675","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha is a potential osteoclast stimulatory factor in multiple myeloma","volume":"96","author":"Choi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22907","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein-1\u03b1 induces osteoclast formation by activation of the MEK\/ERK\/c-Fos pathway and inhibition of the p38MAPK\/IRF-3\/IFN-\u03b2 pathway","volume":"111","author":"Tsubaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2011.43","article-title":"A novel role for CCL3 (MIP-1\u03b1) in myeloma-induced bone disease via osteocalcin downregulation and inhibition of osteoblast function","volume":"25","author":"Vallet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2024.286484","article-title":"A novel CCL3-HMGB1 signaling axis regulating osteocyte RANKL expression in multiple myeloma","volume":"110","author":"Anloague","year":"2025","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2025.107709","article-title":"CCR1 inhibition sensitizes multiple myeloma cells to glucocorticoid therapy","volume":"215","author":"Luyckx","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2024.107469","article-title":"Expression of the chemokine receptor CCR1 decreases sensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cell lines","volume":"139","author":"Zeissig","year":"2024","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4258","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26245","article-title":"The MIP-1\u03b1 autocrine loop contributes to decreased sensitivity to anticancer drugs","volume":"233","author":"Tsubaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2016.81","article-title":"Leukemia cell infiltration causes defective erythropoiesis partially through MIP-1\u03b1\/CCL3","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77450-y","article-title":"Multiple myeloma hinders erythropoiesis and causes anaemia owing to high levels of CCL3 in the bone marrow microenvironment","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250113","article-title":"Actions of the chemotactic cytokines MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, RANTES, MIP-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta on human monocytes","volume":"25","author":"Uguccioni","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.01.104","article-title":"Secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 by human uterine epithelium directs monocyte migration in culture","volume":"84","author":"Meter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2022.156060","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 (CCL2) and its receptor (CCR2) are elevated in chronic heart failure facilitating lung monocyte infiltration and differentiation which may contribute to lung fibrosis","volume":"161","author":"Puukila","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.2.751","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic protein 3 is a most effective basophil- and eosinophil-activating chemokine","volume":"179","author":"Dahinden","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2018.0113","article-title":"MCP-1\/CCL2 Mediated by Autocrine Loop of PDGF-BB Promotes Invasion of Lung Cancer Cell by Recruitment of Macrophages Via CCL2-CCR2 Axis","volume":"39","author":"Ding","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.523","article-title":"CCL2 produced by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is essential for the accumulation and activation of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"9","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immun. Inflamm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201444736","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1\/CCL2) contributes to thymus atrophy in acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"45","author":"Driss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013891205989","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), secreted by bone marrow endothelial cells, induces chemoattraction of 5T multiple myeloma cells","volume":"19","author":"Vanderkerken","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Metastasis"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600833","article-title":"Chemokine receptor CCR2 is expressed by human multiple myeloma cells and mediates migration to bone marrow stromal cell-produced monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP-1, -2 and -3","volume":"88","author":"Asosingh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-1053-03","article-title":"Transendothelial migration of myeloma cells is increased by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via TNF receptor 2 and autocrine up-regulation of MCP-1","volume":"10","author":"Janke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05443.x","article-title":"Bone marrow endothelial cells in multiple myeloma secrete CXC-chemokines that mediate interactions with plasma cells","volume":"129","author":"Pellegrino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"7870590","article-title":"Plasma Levels of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Are Associated with Clinical Features and Angiogenesis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma","volume":"2016","author":"Aralica","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mielnik, M., Szudy-Szczyrek, A., Homa-Mlak, I., Mlak, R., Podgajna-Mielnik, M., Gor\u0105cy, A., Ma\u0142ecka-Massalska, T., and Hus, M. (2023). The Clinical Relevance of Selected Cytokines in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11113012"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mielnik, M., Podgajna-Mielnik, M., Szudy-Szczyrek, A., Homa-Mlak, I., Mlak, R., Gor\u0105cy, A., and Hus, M. (2024). Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in multiple myeloma: The prognostic value of pre-treatment serum cytokine levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Front. Immunol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1377546"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2013.02.008","article-title":"Stem cell mobilization and harvesting by leukapheresis alters systemic cytokine levels in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Mosevoll","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30383","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16628","article-title":"Neoplastic plasma cells generate an inflammatory environment within bone marrow and markedly alter the distribution of T cells between lymphoid compartments","volume":"8","author":"Goodyear","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-2012-4","article-title":"CCL2 promotes macrophages-associated chemoresistance via MCPIP1 dual catalytic activities in multiple myeloma","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.108016","article-title":"Prognostic nomogram incorporating cytokines for overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma","volume":"99","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"2040","article-title":"Integrated analysis of hub gene expression in multiple myeloma","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. BUON"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2010.06.012","article-title":"The cytokine\/chemokine pattern in the bone marrow environment of multiple myeloma patients","volume":"38","author":"Cao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24218","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.4523","article-title":"Chemokines CCL2, 3, 14 stimulate macrophage bone marrow homing, proliferation, and polarization in multiple myeloma","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2006.06.012","article-title":"Cytokine and chemokine profiles in multiple myeloma; significance of stromal interaction and correlation of IL-8 production with disease progression","volume":"31","author":"Kline","year":"2007","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-013-9369-2","article-title":"Erythropoietin is involved in the angiogenic potential of bone marrow macrophages in multiple myeloma","volume":"16","author":"Binetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Xu, J., Li, H., Zheng, Y., He, J., Liu, H., Zhong, Y., Lu, Y., Hong, B., and Zhang, M. (2013). Bone marrow stromal cells derived MCP-1 reverses the inhibitory effects of multiple myeloma cells on osteoclastogenesis by upregulating the RANK expression. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082453"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2016.04.024","article-title":"Induction of miR-146a by multiple myeloma cells in mesenchymal stromal cells stimulates their pro-tumoral activity","volume":"377","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"59","article-title":"Chemotaxis-related factors are expressed abnormally in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of multiple myeloma patients","volume":"19","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05084.x","article-title":"Impaired osteoblastogenesis in myeloma bone disease: Role of upregulated apoptosis by cytokines and malignant plasma cells","volume":"126","author":"Silvestris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-04-279760","article-title":"Osteoclast-gene expression profiling reveals osteoclast-derived CCR2 chemokines promoting myeloma cell migration","volume":"117","author":"Moreaux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11283","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2207","article-title":"Multiple myeloma cells recruit tumor-supportive macrophages through the CXCR4\/CXCL12 axis and promote their polarization toward the M2 phenotype","volume":"5","author":"Beider","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"480","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and relationship of M2-polarized macrophages with early response in multiple myeloma","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.087809","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals molecular profiles associated with evolving steps of monoclonal gammopathies","volume":"99","author":"Corchete","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e511","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2016.118","article-title":"A gene expression inflammatory signature specifically predicts multiple myeloma evolution and patients survival","volume":"6","author":"Botta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pkz104","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkz104","article-title":"A Prospective Study of Circulating Chemokines and Angiogenesis Markers and Risk of Multiple Myeloma and Its Precursor","volume":"4","author":"Hofmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31536","article-title":"Pre-diagnostic blood immune markers, incidence and progression of B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma: Univariate and functionally informed multivariate analyses","volume":"143","author":"Vermeulen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.216895","article-title":"Immune marker changes and risk of multiple myeloma: A nested case-control study using repeated pre-diagnostic blood samples","volume":"104","author":"Wibom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.59.1.67","article-title":"Human monocyte chemotactic proteins-2 and -3: Structural and functional comparison with MCP-1","volume":"59","author":"Proost","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"28","article-title":"Neuropathic pain in cancer patients treated with bortezomib","volume":"33","author":"Escoda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0141uczkowska, K., Rutka, M., Rogi\u00f1ska, D., Paczkowska, E., Baumert, B., Milczarek, S., G\u00f3rska, M., Kulig, P., Os\u0119kowska, B., and Janowski, M. (2021). The Potential Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Complement Components in the Development of Drug-Induced Neuropathy in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194584"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamamoto, S., and Egashira, N. (2021). Pathological Mechanisms of Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020888"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.11.004","article-title":"Upregulation of CCL2 via ATF3\/c-Jun interaction mediated the Bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.62.5.667","article-title":"Cloning and functional characterization of a novel human CC chemokine that binds to the CCR3 receptor and activates human eosinophils","volume":"62","author":"White","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.5.2712","article-title":"Eotaxin (CCL11) and eotaxin-2 (CCL24) induce recruitment of eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, and macrophages as well as features of early- and late-phase allergic reactions following cutaneous injection in human atopic and nonatopic volunteers","volume":"169","author":"Ying","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32617","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8958","article-title":"Expression and prognostic significance of CCL11\/CCR3 in glioblastoma","volume":"7","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1080\/10799893.2017.1298132","article-title":"CCL11 promotes angiogenic activity by activating the PI3K\/Akt pathway in HUVECs","volume":"37","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.12371","article-title":"CCL11-induced eosinophils inhibit the formation of blood vessels and cause tumor necrosis","volume":"21","author":"Xing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxu079","article-title":"CCR4 and its ligands: From bench to bedside","volume":"27","author":"Yoshie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1090075","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2015.1090075","article-title":"Anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody enhances antitumor immunity by modulating tumor-infiltrating Tregs in an ovarian cancer xenograft humanized mouse model","volume":"5","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0751","article-title":"CCR4 Blockade Depletes Regulatory T Cells and Prolongs Survival in a Canine Model of Bladder Cancer","volume":"7","author":"Maeda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23890","article-title":"Increased infiltration of CCR4-positive regulatory T cells in prostate cancer tissue is associated with a poor prognosis","volume":"79","author":"Watanabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cgt.7700903","article-title":"Tumor suppressive efficacy through augmentation of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by intratumoral injection of chemokine-expressing adenoviral vector","volume":"13","author":"Okada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"773","article-title":"Anti-tumor effect of combining CC chemokine 22 and an anti-CD25 antibody on myeloma cells implanted subcutaneously into mice","volume":"2","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-018-0687-8","article-title":"Increased activated regulatory T cell subsets and aging Treg-like cells in multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: A case control study","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01428-6","article-title":"Circulating cytokines present in multiple myeloma patients inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of adipose stem cells","volume":"36","author":"Kobari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3572","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019001410","article-title":"Immunomodulatory drugs suppress Th1-inducing ability of dendritic cells but enhance Th2-mediated allergic responses","volume":"4","author":"Phan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7682337","article-title":"Preferential migration of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in response to MIP-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta","volume":"260","author":"Taub","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3877","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.8.3877","article-title":"Alpha and beta chemokines induce NK cell migration and enhance NK-mediated cytolysis","volume":"155","author":"Taub","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3755","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.3755","article-title":"Intratumoral CC chemokine ligand 5 overexpression delays tumor growth and increases tumor cell infiltration","volume":"173","author":"Lavergne","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9271","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1703921114","article-title":"Targeting autophagy inhibits melanoma growth by enhancing NK cells infiltration in a CCL5-dependent manner","volume":"114","author":"Mgrditchian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3048","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.458","article-title":"Cancer-FOXP3 directly activated CCL5 to recruit FOXP3+Treg cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2012.178","article-title":"A novel role of hematopoietic CCL5 in promoting triple-negative mammary tumor progression by regulating generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-012-9285-x","article-title":"RANTES\/CCL5-induced pro-angiogenic effects depend on CCR1, CCR5 and glycosaminoglycans","volume":"15","author":"Suffee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popek-Marciniec, S., Styk, W., Wojcierowska-Litwin, M., Szudy-Szczyrek, A., Dudek, P., Swiderska-Kolacz, G., Czerwik-Marcinkowska, J., and Zmorzynski, S. (2023). The Relationship of CCL5 and CCR1 Variants with Response Rate and Survival Taking into Account Thalidomide\/Bortezomib Treatment in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062384"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3568","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-08-2383","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1 alpha) triggers migration and signaling cascades mediating survival and proliferation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells","volume":"101","author":"Lentzsch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2004.11.015","article-title":"MIP-1alpha utilizes both CCR1 and CCR5 to induce osteoclast formation and increase adhesion of myeloma cells to marrow stromal cells","volume":"33","author":"Oba","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freire-de-Lima, L., Nardy, A.F.F.R., Ramos-Junior, E.S., Conde, L., Santos Lemos, J., da Fonseca, L.M., Lima, J.E., Maiolino, A., and Morrot, A. (2017). Multiple Myeloma Cells Express Key Immunoregulatory Cytokines and Modulate the Monocyte Migratory Response. Front. Med., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00092"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.787","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are attracted by multiple myeloma cell-produced chemokine CCL25 and favor myeloma cell growth in vitro and in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.48244","article-title":"Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Myeloma side population cells by Bioinformatics Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9482","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009482","article-title":"Membrane translocation of Bruton kinase in multiple myeloma cells is associated with osteoclastogenic phenotype in bone metastatic lesions","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-006-9038-6","article-title":"Role of CCR1 and CCR5 in homing and growth of multiple myeloma and in the development of osteolytic lesions: A study in the 5TMM model","volume":"23","author":"Menu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Metastasis"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16881","article-title":"Lenalidomide and pomalidomide potently interfere with induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in multiple myeloma","volume":"191","author":"Shimura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.19049","article-title":"Tumour-derived exosomes promote the induction of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by delivering miR-106a-5p and miR-146a-5p in multiple myeloma","volume":"203","author":"Mizuhara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.6.2195","article-title":"Role for macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta in the development of osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma","volume":"100","author":"Abe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6202","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-292243","article-title":"Integrin \u03b27-mediated regulation of multiple myeloma cell adhesion, migration, and invasion","volume":"117","author":"Neri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.04864.x","article-title":"Ability of myeloma cells to secrete macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta correlates with lytic bone lesions in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"125","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6972","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27879","article-title":"Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates the inhibitory effect of bortezomib against the APRIL-NF-\u03baB-CCL3 signaling pathways in multiple myeloma cells: Corelated with bortezomib tolerance in multiple myeloma","volume":"120","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watanabe, T., Mitsuhashi, M., Sagawa, M., Ri, M., Suzuki, K., Abe, M., Ohmachi, K., Nakagawa, Y., Nakamura, S., and Chosa, M. (2015). Lipopolysaccharide-Induced CXCL10 mRNA Level and Six Stimulant-mRNA Combinations in Whole Blood: Novel Biomarkers for Bortezomib Responses Obtained from a Prospective Multicenter Trial for Patients with Multiple Myeloma. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128662"},{"key":"ref_148","first-page":"37","article-title":"Role of chemokines in the biology of natural killer cells","volume":"341","author":"Maghazachi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1534664","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2018.1534664","article-title":"Bortezomib sensitizes multiple myeloma to NK cells via ER-stress-induced suppression of HLA-E and upregulation of DR5","volume":"8","author":"Carlsten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Melero, S., and Caballero-Villarraso, J. (2023). CCR6 as a Potential Target for Therapeutic Antibodies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Antibodies, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antib12020030"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0701-2","article-title":"Colorectal cancer cell-derived CCL20 recruits regulatory T cells to promote chemoresistance via FOXO1\/CEBPB\/NF-\u03baB signaling","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06806-3","article-title":"RANKL\/RANK signaling recruits Tregs via the CCL20-CCR6 pathway and promotes stemness and metastasis in colorectal cancer","volume":"15","author":"Ouyang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, Q., Lou, X.M., and He, Y. (2015). Preferential recruitment of Th17 cells to cervical cancer via CCR6-CCL20 pathway. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120855"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402717","article-title":"Expression and function of chemokine receptors in human multiple myeloma","volume":"17","author":"Juremalm","year":"2003","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6840","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-0402","article-title":"CC-chemokine ligand 20\/macrophage inflammatory protein-3\u03b1 and CC-chemokine receptor 6 are overexpressed in myeloma microenvironment related to osteolytic bone lesions","volume":"68","author":"Giuliani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.259","article-title":"Osteolytic lesions, cytogenetic features and bone marrow levels of cytokines and chemokines in multiple myeloma patients: Role of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand","volume":"30","author":"Palma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2789","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S300328","article-title":"Downregulation of Chemokine CCL20 Involved in Myeloma Cells Resistant to Elotuzumab and Lenalidomide","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(03)00049-2","article-title":"The CC chemokine CCL20 and its receptor CCR6","volume":"14","author":"Schutyser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor. Rev."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/10.7.901","article-title":"EBI1-ligand chemokine (ELC) attracts a broad spectrum of lymphocytes: Activated T cells strongly up-regulate CCR7 and efficiently migrate toward ELC","volume":"10","author":"Yoshida","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199806)28:06<2025::AID-IMMU2025>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"The chemokine SLC is expressed in T cell areas of lymph nodes and mucosal lymphoid tissues and attracts activated T cells via CCR7","volume":"28","author":"Willimann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603061","article-title":"CCL19 reduces tumour burden in a model of advanced lung cancer","volume":"94","author":"Hillinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.12.998","article-title":"CCL19-producing fibroblastic stromal cells restrain lung carcinoma growth by promoting local antitumor T-cell responses","volume":"142","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabd8936","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abd8936","article-title":"CD8+ T cell immunity blocks the metastasis of carcinogen-exposed breast cancer","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, D., Liu, X., Ke, S., Guo, Y., Zhu, C., and Cao, H. (2023). CCL19\/CCR7 drives regulatory T cell migration and indicates poor prognosis in gastric cancer. BMC Cancer, 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-10882-7"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.30699\/ijp.2023.563014.2986","article-title":"MMP-9 and CCR7 as Possible Predictors of Lymph Node Metastasis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Rachmadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_166","first-page":"476","article-title":"Expression of CC-chemokine Receptor 7 in Patiens with Multiple Myeloma and Its Relationship with Extramedullary Disease","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-2422","article-title":"B-cell maturation antigen is a promising target for adoptive T-cell therapy of multiple myeloma","volume":"19","author":"Carpenter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2018.001","article-title":"Effective Targeting of Multiple B-Cell Maturation Antigen-Expressing Hematological Malignances by Anti-B-Cell Maturation Antigen Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells","volume":"29","author":"Friedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duan, D., Wang, K., Wei, C., Feng, D., Liu, Y., He, Q., Xu, X., Wang, C., Zhao, S., and Lv, L. (2021). The BCMA-Targeted Fourth-Generation CAR-T Cells Secreting IL-7 and CCL19 for Therapy of Refractory\/Recurrent Multiple Myeloma. Front. Immunol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.609421"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2004.12.006","article-title":"The lymphoid chemokine CCL21 costimulates naive T cell expansion and Th1 polarization of non-regulatory CD4+ T cells","volume":"231","author":"Flanagan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Immunol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130240","article-title":"Identification of human CCR8 as a CCL18 receptor","volume":"210","author":"Islam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.2.547","article-title":"The chemokine receptor CCR8 is preferentially expressed in Th2 but not Th1 cells","volume":"161","author":"Zingoni","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_173","first-page":"451","article-title":"T cell chemokine receptor expression in human Th1- and Th2-associated diseases","volume":"48","author":"Campbell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4039","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.13.4039","article-title":"I-309 binds to and activates endothelial cell functions and acts as an angiogenic molecule in vivo","volume":"96","author":"Bernardini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.4.1150","article-title":"Autocrine antiapoptotic stimulation of cultured adult T-cell leukemia cells by overexpression of the chemokine I-309","volume":"98","author":"Ruckes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.6.847","article-title":"Unique chemotactic response profile and specific expression of chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR8 by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"194","author":"Iellem","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2005.02934.x","article-title":"Macrophage activation switching: An asset for the resolution of inflammation","volume":"142","author":"Porcheray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7303","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.10.7303","article-title":"Transcriptional profiling of the human monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and polarization: New molecules and patterns of gene expression","volume":"177","author":"Martinez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.9","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in the cutaneous SCC microenvironment are heterogeneously activated","volume":"131","author":"Pettersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2011.0020","article-title":"Tumor-cell co-culture induced alternative activation of macrophages is modulated by interferons in vitro","volume":"32","author":"Potthast","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Interf. Cytokine Res."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.01.017","article-title":"CCL18 as an independent favorable prognostic biomarker in patients with colorectal cancer","volume":"183","author":"Yuan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain, K., Lim, H.D., Devkota, S.R., Kemp-Harper, B.K., Lane, J.R., Canals, M., Pease, J.E., and Stone, M.J. (2024). The chemokine receptor CCR8 is not a high-affinity receptor for the human chemokine CCL18. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.05.30.596614"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2011.02.006","article-title":"CCL18 from tumor-associated macrophages promotes breast cancer metastasis via PITPNM3","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H\u00f6hne, K., Wagenknecht, A., Maier, C., Engelhard, P., Goldmann, T., Schlie\u00dfmann, S.J., Pl\u00f6nes, T., Trepel, M., Eibel, H., and M\u00fcller-Quernheim, J. (2024). Pro-Fibrotic Effects of CCL18 on Human Lung Fibroblasts Are Mediated via CCR6. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13030238"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22284","article-title":"Attenuation of CXCR4 responses by CCL18 in acute lymphocytic leukemia B cells","volume":"225","author":"Catusse","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34758","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5325","article-title":"CCL18 from tumor-associated macrophages promotes angiogenesis in breast cancer","volume":"6","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2017.34","article-title":"Blocking the recruitment of naive CD4+ T cells reverses immunosuppression in breast cancer","volume":"27","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgac097","article-title":"CCL18 promotes migration and invasion of multiple myeloma cells and is associated with poor prognosis","volume":"44","author":"Qiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2860","article-title":"Gut-associated lymphoid tissue-primed CD4+ T cells display CCR9-dependent and -independent homing to the small intestine","volume":"107","author":"Stenstad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaax4690","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax4690","article-title":"Intratumoral delivery of CCL25 enhances immunotherapy against triple-negative breast cancer by recruiting CCR9+ T cells","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13067","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13067","article-title":"CD33+ CD14+ CD11b+ HLA-DR\u2212 monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells recruited and activated by CCR9\/CCL25 are crucial for the pathogenic progression of endometriosis","volume":"81","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-022-03300-7","article-title":"ZIM3 activation of CCL25 expression in pulmonary metastatic nodules of osteosarcoma recruits M2 macrophages to promote metastatic growth","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-012-2927-3","article-title":"CCR10 and its ligands in regulation of epithelial immunity and diseases","volume":"3","author":"Xiong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300093","article-title":"Mucosal CCL28 Chemokine Improves Protection against Genital Herpes through Mobilization of Antiviral Effector Memory CCR10+CD44+ CD62L-CD8+ T Cells and Memory CCR10+B220+CD27+ B Cells into the Infected Vaginal Mucosa","volume":"211","author":"Dhanushkodi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3838","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-02-481192","article-title":"Identification of the chemokine CCL28 as a growth and survival factor for human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells","volume":"121","author":"Karlsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-008-0554-x","article-title":"NK cells are migrated and indispensable in the anti-tumor activity induced by CCL27 gene therapy","volume":"58","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75763","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12409","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced CCL28 promotes recruitment of regulatory T cells and tumor growth in liver cancer","volume":"7","author":"Ren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27152","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27152","article-title":"Hypoxia induced CCL28 promotes angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma by targeting CCR3 on endothelial cells","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-1858","article-title":"CCL27\/CCL28-CCR10 Chemokine Signaling Mediates Migration of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells","volume":"79","author":"Karnezis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78605","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12522","article-title":"CCR10\/CCL27 crosstalk contributes to failure of proteasome-inhibitors in multiple myeloma","volume":"7","author":"Thangavadivel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31810-6","article-title":"The surfaceome of multiple myeloma cells suggests potential immunotherapeutic strategies and protein markers of drug resistance","volume":"13","author":"Ferguson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.10.003","article-title":"XCL1 and XCR1 in the immune system","volume":"14","author":"Lei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34874","article-title":"Intratumoral delivery of a highly active form of XCL1 enhances antitumor CTL responses through recruitment of CXCL9-expressing conventional type-1 dendritic cells","volume":"154","author":"Kamei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, L., Zhu, L., Chen, J., Li, C., Yu, Y., and Xu, S. (2023). Systematic Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1 as a Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14101961"},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.1.57","article-title":"Lymphotactin expression by engineered myeloma cells drives tumor regression: Mediation by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and neutrophils expressing XCR1 receptor","volume":"167","author":"Cairns","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suzuki, S., Komiya, K., Tsuda, S., Yoshino, M., Kaisho, T., Bergsagel, P.L., Kawamura, K., Fukuda, T., and Tokoyoda, K. (2024). Type I-conventional dendritic cells support the progression of multiple myeloma in the bone marrow. Front. Immunol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1444821"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200001)30:1<87::AID-IMMU87>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Fractalkine receptor expression by T lymphocyte subpopulations and in vivo production of fractalkine in human","volume":"30","author":"Foussat","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.8.1413","article-title":"Fractalkine and CX3CR1 mediate a novel mechanism of leukocyte capture, firm adhesion, and activation under physiologic flow","volume":"188","author":"Fong","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80438-9","article-title":"Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion","volume":"91","author":"Imai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37993","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106434200","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme (ADAM17) mediates the cleavage and shedding of fractalkine (CX3CL1)","volume":"276","author":"Garton","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7825","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803627","article-title":"Role of CX3CL1\/fractalkine in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption","volume":"183","author":"Koizumi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22660","article-title":"Defective antitumor responses in CX3CR1-deficient mice","volume":"121","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-9876-3","article-title":"Increased expression of fractalkine is correlated with a better prognosis and an increased number of both CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells in gastric adenocarcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Hyakudomi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02281-x","article-title":"p16Ink4a and p21Cip1\/Waf1 promote tumour growth by enhancing myeloid-derived suppressor cells chemotaxis","volume":"8","author":"Okuma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reed, J.R., Stone, M.D., Beadnell, T.C., Ryu, Y., Griffin, T.J., and Schwertfeger, K.L. (2012). Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 activation in mammary tumor cells promotes macrophage recruitment in a CX3CL1-dependent manner. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045877"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2836","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00113.2006","article-title":"Fractalkine stimulates angiogenesis by activating the Raf-1\/MEK\/ERK- and PI3K\/Akt\/eNOS-dependent signal pathways","volume":"291","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marchica, V., Toscani, D., Corcione, A., Bolzoni, M., Storti, P., Vescovini, R., Ferretti, E., Dalla Palma, B., Vicario, E., and Accardi, F. (2019). Bone Marrow CX3CL1\/Fractalkine is a New Player of the Pro-Angiogenic Microenvironment in Multiple Myeloma Patients. Cancers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11030321"},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.3941","article-title":"Role of chemokine CX3CL1 in progression of multiple myeloma via CX3CR1 in bone microenvironments","volume":"33","author":"Wada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/18\/4\/673\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T05:16:36Z","timestamp":1772082996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/18\/4\/673"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"references-count":218,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers18040673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers18040673","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]}}}