{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T17:49:36Z","timestamp":1784137776542,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Urological Scholarship Programme (EUSP) Scholarship of the European Association of Urology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study aims to report the early safety outcomes from an ongoing single-center, non-randomized phase 2 trial on focal salvage stereotactic radiotherapy (s-SBRT) for local prostate cancer recurrence. Materials and methods: This prospective phase 2 study includes patients with local recurrence after conventional or hypofractionated radiotherapy, ultrahypofractionated radiotherapy, or post-prostatectomy radiotherapy. The present analysis includes an initial subset of 21 out of 55 planned patients. All patients undergo mpMRI and PSMA-PET; biopsy is not required if imaging results are unambiguous. Focal s-SBRT is delivered to the recurrent lesion with a dose of 5 \u00d7 6.75 Gy. The primary endpoint is the rate of treatment-related CTCAE v5.0 grade \u2265 3 genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. Secondary endpoints include early biochemical response (BR), defined as any PSA decline at 3 months. Results: With a median follow-up of 14 months (range: 4.5\u201325), one patient (4.8%) experienced both early and persistent late Grade 3 GU toxicity (bladder bleeding). Late Grade 2 GU and GI toxicities occurred in five (23.8%) and one (4.8%) patients, respectively. In exploratory univariable analysis, PTV volume 13 cc was identified as a marginal predictor for increased GU\/GI radiation reactions (p &lt; 0.1). Regarding efficacy, all 21 patients (100%) demonstrated an early biochemical response, with 15 patients (71.4%) achieving a PSA reduction of 50%. Conclusions: Focal s-SBRT demonstrates a favorable early safety profile and consistent biochemical response, supporting the preliminary safety of this ongoing study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18050848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T11:05:44Z","timestamp":1772795144000},"page":"848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reirradiation of Local Recurrences of Prostate Cancer: PROSTARE (PROstate Cancer STereotActic REirradiation) Early Safety Analysis of a Phase 2 Study with a Limited Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4000-1716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Majewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Napieralska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Krakow Branch, 31-115\u00a0Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4375-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Miszczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Collegium Medicum\u2014Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, 41-300 D\u0105browa G\u00f3rnicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Misiorowska-Go\u0142osz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7253-826X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Krzempek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"St\u0105p\u00f3r-Fudzi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy Planning, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Rembak-Szynkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2879-3781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Wydma\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101\u00a0Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.09.007","article-title":"Patterns of recurrence after prostate bed radiotherapy","volume":"141","author":"Brand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiother. 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