{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T07:12:18Z","timestamp":1774422738478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AbbVie"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For decades, induction treatment of acute myeloid leukemia consisted of intensive chemotherapy for induction. High relapse rates and severe toxicity resulted in a five-year overall survival of ~30%. In patients ineligible for intensive treatment, hypomethylating agents (HMA) could be administered but generally failed to induce durable remissions. These limitations have driven the development of targeted drugs and less toxic therapeutic regimens. In the past decade, fourteen new agents have gained FDA and\/or EMA approval, including small-molecule inhibitors targeting FLT3, IDH1, IDH2, BCL-2, menin, and the hedgehog pathway, as well as a CD33-directed antibody-drug conjugate. The combination of targeted drugs with intensive chemotherapy or HMA has resulted in improved remission rates and prolonged survival in certain patient subpopulations. However, many promising combinations are currently being evaluated in randomized trials and are not yet available in clinical routine. A combination that has become standard of care is HMA plus venetoclax for patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy, achieving high remission rates with relatively manageable toxicity. Moreover, targeted drugs directed against FLT3 and IDH1 have been approved in combination with intensive chemotherapy and HMA, respectively. Clinical decision-making requires rapid molecular diagnostic testing, assessment of a patient\u2019s fitness for intensive chemotherapy, and management of toxicities and drug interactions. This narrative review, illustrated with patient vignettes, summarizes currently available therapies, guides through the latest trials on frontline combinations in AML, and provides a preview of how the therapeutic landscape may evolve in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18061034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T08:47:42Z","timestamp":1774255662000},"page":"1034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating Targeted Therapies into AML Frontline Therapy: Who Gets What and What Does the Future Hold?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Johanna","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Association for the Promotion of Medical Education and Research in Vienna-Favoriten, Bahnhofplatz 6, 2340 Moedling, Austria"},{"name":"Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Hopfinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Klinik Favoriten, 1100 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karoline V.","family":"Gleixner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Cytosine Arabinoside (NSC-63878) and Daunorubicin (NSC-83142) Therapy in Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia","volume":"57","author":"Yates","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1516192","article-title":"Genomic Classification and Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"374","author":"Papaemmanuil","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Ley, T.J., Miller, C., Ding, L., Raphael, B.J., Mungall, A.J., Robertson, A.G., Hoadley, K., Triche, T.J., and Laird, P.W. (2013). Genomic and Epigenomic Landscapes of Adult de Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med., 368, 2059\u20132074.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1301689"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2012971","article-title":"Azacitidine and Venetoclax in Previously Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"383","author":"DiNardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020004856","article-title":"Venetoclax plus LDAC for Newly Diagnosed AML Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy: A Phase 3 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"135","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.188888","article-title":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin for de Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Final Efficacy and Safety Updates from the Open-Label, Phase III ALFA-0701 Trial","volume":"104","author":"Lambert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614359","article-title":"Midostaurin plus Chemotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia with a FLT3 Mutation","volume":"377","author":"Stone","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1902688","article-title":"Gilteritinib or Chemotherapy for Relapsed or Refractory FLT3-Mutated AML","volume":"381","author":"Perl","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00464-6","article-title":"Quizartinib plus Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Patients with FLT3-Internal-Tandem-Duplication-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (QuANTUM-First): A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial","volume":"401","author":"Erba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. Engl."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2117344","article-title":"Ivosidenib and Azacitidine in IDH1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"386","author":"Montesinos","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716984","article-title":"Durable Remissions with Ivosidenib in IDH1-Mutated Relapsed or Refractory AML","volume":"378","author":"DiNardo","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-04-779405","article-title":"Enasidenib in Mutant IDH2 Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"130","author":"Stein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022009411","article-title":"Olutasidenib (FT-2102) Induces Durable Complete Remissions in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory IDH1-Mutated AML","volume":"7","author":"Fenaux","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.19741","article-title":"Oral Decitabine\/Cedazuridine versus Intravenous Decitabine for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Randomised, Crossover, Registration, Pharmacokinetics Study","volume":"205","author":"Geissler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2004444","article-title":"Oral Azacitidine Maintenance Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Remission","volume":"383","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e481","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00134-4","article-title":"CPX-351 versus 7+3 Cytarabine and Daunorubicin Chemotherapy in Older Adults with Newly Diagnosed High-Risk or Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: 5-Year Results of a Randomised, Open-Label, Multicentre, Phase 3 Trial","volume":"8","author":"Lancet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2019.07.111","article-title":"Low-Dose Cytarabine with or Without Glasdegib in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Long-Term Analysis of a Phase 2 Randomized Trial","volume":"19","author":"Papayannidis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025028357","article-title":"Menin Inhibition with Revumenib for NPM1-Mutated Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The AUGMENT-101 Study","volume":"146","author":"Arellano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.24.00826","article-title":"Menin Inhibition with Revumenib for KMT2A-Rearranged Relapsed or Refractory Acute Leukemia (AUGMENT-101)","volume":"43","author":"Issa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-01694","article-title":"Ziftomenib in Relapsed or Refractory NPM1-Mutated AML","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5177","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2025016399","article-title":"Long-Term Results from the AGILE Study of Azacitidine plus Ivosidenib vs Placebo in Newly Diagnosed IDH1-Mutated AML","volume":"9","author":"Montesinos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-025-01751-w","article-title":"Olutasidenib for Mutated IDH1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Final Five-Year Results from the Phase 2 Pivotal Cohort","volume":"18","author":"Cortes","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0312-9","article-title":"Randomized Comparison of Low Dose Cytarabine with or without Glasdegib in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia or High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Cortes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(23)00338-1","article-title":"Oral Decitabine\u2013Cedazuridine versus Intravenous Decitabine for Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukaemia (ASCERTAIN): A Registrational, Randomised, Crossover, Pharmacokinetics, Phase 3 Study","volume":"11","author":"McCloskey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-654","article-title":"Venetoclax (VEN) and Azacitidine (AZA) with Gilteritinib (GILT) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed (ND) FLT3mut+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Ineligible for Intensive Induction Chemotherapy (Chemo): Interim Results from the Phase 1\/2 VICEROY Study","volume":"146","author":"Altman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4263","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-204296","article-title":"Phase I\/II Study of Quizartinib, Venetoclax, and Decitabine Triple Combination in FLT3-ITD Mutated AML","volume":"144","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6455","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2025017244","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Combining Midostaurin and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin with Induction Chemotherapy in FLT3-Mutated AML","volume":"9","author":"Russell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.01061","article-title":"Crenolanib and Intensive Chemotherapy in Adults with Newly Diagnosed FLT3-Mutated AML","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-201595","article-title":"Gilteritinib Results in Higher Remission and Transplant Rates Than Midostaurin but Does Not Increase the Post-Induction Mutational MRD Negative Rate: Results of the Phase 2 Randomized Precog 0905 Study in Newly Diagnosed FLT3 Mutated AML","volume":"144","author":"Luger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1158\/2643-3230.BCD-22-0205","article-title":"A Phase Ib\/II Study of Ivosidenib with Venetoclax \u00b1 Azacitidine in IDH1-Mutated Myeloid Malignancies","volume":"4","author":"Lachowiez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3466","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-3466","article-title":"A Randomized Phase II Trial of ASTX727 and Venetoclax with or without Enasidenib for Newly Diagnosed Older Adults with IDH2 Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Myelomatch Substudy (MM1OA-S03)","volume":"146","author":"Huselton","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S404","DOI":"10.1016\/S2152-2650(25)01629-5","article-title":"AML-150: A Phase 1b\/2 Trial of an All-Oral \u201cTriplet\u201d Regimen for IDH-Mutated Myeloid Malignancies: Decitabine or Cedazuridine and Venetoclax in Combination with Ivosidenib or Enasidenib","volume":"25","author":"Maiti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020007233","article-title":"Ivosidenib or Enasidenib Combined with Intensive Chemotherapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed AML: A Phase 1 Study","volume":"137","author":"Stein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S452","DOI":"10.1016\/S2152-2650(25)01717-3","article-title":"AML-732: Ziftomenib Combined with Intensive Induction Chemotherapy (7+3) in Newly Diagnosed NPM1-m or KMT2A-r Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): Updated Phase 1a\/b Results From KOMET-007","volume":"25","author":"Zeidan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-766","article-title":"Ziftomenib in Combination with Venetoclax and Azacitidine in Newly Diagnosed NPM1-m Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Phase 1b Results from KOMET-007","volume":"146","author":"Roboz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Wei, A.H., Esteve, J., Garciaz, S., Aldoss, I., Pi\u00e9rola, A.A., Allred, A., Alonso-Dominguez, J.M., Barreyro, L., Bories, P., and Daskalakis, N. RP2D Determination of Bleximenib in Combination with VEN + AZA: Phase 1b Study in R\/R & ND AML with KMT2A\/NPM1 Alterations. Presented at the 30th European Hematology Association (EHA) Congress, Milan, Italy. Available online: https:\/\/www.jnjmedicalconnect.com\/media\/attestation\/congresses\/oncology\/2025\/eha\/rp2d-determination-of-bleximenib-in-combination-with-venaza-phase-1b-study-in-nd-rr-aml-with-kmt2an.pdf."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5199","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-5199","article-title":"Bleximenib in Combination with Intensive Chemotherapy: A Phase 1b Study in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia with KMT2A or NPM1 Alterations","volume":"146","author":"Schuh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-00914","article-title":"Azacitidine, Venetoclax, and Revumenib for Newly Diagnosed NPM1-Mutated or KMT2A-Rearranged AML","volume":"43","author":"Zeidner","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-47","article-title":"Phase II Study of the All-Oral Combination of Revumenib (SNDX-5613) with Decitabine\/Cedazuridine (ASTX727) and Venetoclax (SAVE) in Newly Diagnosed AML","volume":"146","author":"Jen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"(2026, February 15). Syndax Highlights Leadership in Menin Inhibition at ASH 2025 with Multiple Revuforj\u00ae (Revumenib) Presentations Spanning the Acute Leukemia Treatment Continuum|Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Available online: https:\/\/ir.syndax.com\/news-releases\/news-release-details\/syndax-highlights-leadership-menin-inhibition-ash-2025-multiple."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e272","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(22)00403-3","article-title":"Eprenetapopt Combined with Venetoclax and Azacitidine in TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Phase 1, Dose-Finding and Expansion Study","volume":"10","author":"Goldberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024026700","article-title":"Venetoclax plus Daunorubicin and Cytarabine for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Results of a Phase 1b Study","volume":"145","author":"Mantzaris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-025-02827-9","article-title":"Correction: Long Term Results of Venetoclax Combined with FLAG-IDA Induction and Consolidation for Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"40","author":"DiNardo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-202620","article-title":"Phase II Study of Cladribine with Low Dose Cytarabine and Venetoclax Alternating with Azacytidine and Venetoclax for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"144","author":"Bataller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"PS1483","article-title":"Primary Results STIMULUS-AML1: A Large, International, Phase II Study of Sabatolimab Combined with Azacitidine and Venetoclax as Frontline Therapy for Unfit Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients","volume":"9","author":"Zeidan","year":"2025","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-651","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Pivekimab Sunirine in Combination with Venetoclax plus Azacitidine in Unfit Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"146","author":"Daver","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5198","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-5198","article-title":"A Dose Optimization Phase 1b\/2 Study Evaluating Mipletamig (Formerly APVO436), a Novel Bispecific CD123 x CD3 ADAPTIR\u00d2 Molecule in Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Frontline Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Patients Unfit for Intensive Chemotherapy","volume":"146","author":"Watts","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6504","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.6504","article-title":"An All-Oral Regimen of Decitabine-Cedazuridine (DEC-C) plus Venetoclax (VEN) in Patients (Pts) with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Ineligible for Intensive Induction Chemotherapy: Results from a Phase 2 Cohort of 101 Pts","volume":"43","author":"Zeidan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-652","article-title":"\u03939\u03b42 T-Cell (\u03b39\u03b42TC) Activation with ICT01 and Azacitidine-Venetoclax (Aza-Ven) Induces High Rates of Remission and Overall Survival in Patients with Newly Diagnosed (ND) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): Results from the Phase 1\/2 Study Eviction","volume":"146","author":"Garciaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504.2","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-202648","article-title":"Trial in Progress: A Multicenter, Open Label, Randomized, Phase 2 Study of Venetoclax and Azacitidine Plus Cusatuzumab Versus Venetoclax and Azacitidine Alone in Newly Diagnosed AML Patients Who Are Not Candidates for Intensive Therapy","volume":"144","author":"Roboz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024027506","article-title":"The ENHANCE-3 Study: Venetoclax and Azacitidine plus Magrolimab or Placebo for Untreated AML Unfit for Intensive Therapy","volume":"146","author":"Daver","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-1645","article-title":"Tuscany Study Demonstrates Safety and Efficacy of Tuspetinib plus Standard of Care Venetoclax and Azacitidine in Patients with Newly Diagnosed AML Ineligible for Induction Chemotherapy","volume":"146","author":"Mannis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022016867","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of AML in Adults: 2022 Recommendations from an International Expert Panel on Behalf of the ELN","volume":"140","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2021.100905","article-title":"A Review of FLT3 Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"52","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01617-7","article-title":"Quizartinib: A Potent and Selective FLT3 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Patients with FLT3-ITD\u2013Positive AML","volume":"17","author":"Cortes","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5345","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007223","article-title":"Midostaurin plus Intensive Chemotherapy for Younger and Older Patients with AML and FLT3 Internal Tandem Duplications","volume":"6","author":"Weber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-024-02435-z","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Does Sex Matter?","volume":"38","author":"Tettero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.03345","article-title":"Sorafenib Maintenance After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3\u2013Internal Tandem Duplication Mutation (SORMAIN)","volume":"38","author":"Burchert","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-170","article-title":"Effect of FLT3 Maintenance in Older FLT3-ITD+ Adults Undergoing Allogeneic HCT. a Post Hoc Analysis of BMT CTN 1506","volume":"146","author":"Abedin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.02474","article-title":"Gilteritinib as Post-Transplant Maintenance for AML with Internal Tandem Duplication Mutation of FLT3","volume":"42","author":"Levis","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021014586","article-title":"Phase 3 Trial of Gilteritinib plus Azacitidine vs Azacitidine for Newly Diagnosed FLT3mut+ AML Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy","volume":"140","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25198","article-title":"Sorafenib Combined with 5-Azacytidine in Older Patients with Untreated FLT3-ITD Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"93","author":"Ohanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5226","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-5226","article-title":"A Phase II Study of Azacitidine, Venetoclax, and Gilteritinib for Newly Diagnosed Adverse Risk FLT3-Wild Type Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"146","author":"Arora","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-204831","article-title":"Timing of Response with Gilteritinib Monotherapy in Relapsed or Refractory FLT3-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"144","author":"Perl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-1453","article-title":"Clonal Selection with RAS Pathway Activation Mediates Secondary Clinical Resistance to Selective FLT3 Inhibition in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"9","author":"McMahon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-06843-2","article-title":"Clinico-Genomic Characterization of RAS-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"105","author":"Yuan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e935","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000935","article-title":"The MLL-Menin Interaction Is a Therapeutic Vulnerability in NUP98-Rearranged AML","volume":"7","author":"Rasouli","year":"2023","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-45","article-title":"Long-Term Follow-up of Azacitidine, Venetoclax, and Gilteritinib in Patients with Newly Diagnosed FLT3-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"146","author":"Azevedo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"(2026, February 14). National Cancer Institute (NCI) A Randomized Phase II Study of Venetoclax and HMA-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Older and Unfit Adults with Newly Diagnosed FLT3-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): A MyeloMATCH Treatment Trial, Available online: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06317649."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-6","article-title":"Results from Paradigm\u2014A Phase 2 Randomized Multi-Center Study Comparing Azacitidine and Venetoclax to Conventional Induction Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Fit Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"146","author":"Fathi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70281-5","article-title":"Addition of Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin to Induction Chemotherapy in Adult Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data from Randomised Controlled Trials","volume":"15","author":"Hills","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.00943","article-title":"Fludarabine, Cytarabine, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, and Idarubicin with Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Improves Event-Free Survival in Younger Patients with Newly Diagnosed AML and Overall Survival in Patients with NPM1 and FLT3 Mutations","volume":"42","author":"Russell","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4191.1","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-204975","article-title":"Optimising Therapy in FLT3-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukaemia","volume":"144","author":"Canham","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2014.124","article-title":"DNMT3A and IDH Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other Myeloid Malignancies: Associations with Prognosis and Potential Treatment Strategies","volume":"28","author":"Im","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.01.020","article-title":"The Common Feature of Leukemia-Associated IDH1 and IDH2 Mutations Is a Neomorphic Enzyme Activity Converting Alpha-Ketoglutarate to 2-Hydroxyglutarate","volume":"17","author":"Ward","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e309","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(19)30284-4","article-title":"Enasidenib in Patients with Mutant IDH2 Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Phase 1 Subgroup Analysis of the Multicentre, AG221-C-001 Trial","volume":"7","author":"Stein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-3467","article-title":"Impact of Venetoclax and Azacitidine in Treatment-Na\u00efve Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and IDH1\/2 Mutations","volume":"28","author":"Pollyea","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-023-00915-6","article-title":"Response Patterns and Impact of MRD in Patients with IDH1\/2-Mutated AML Treated with Venetoclax and Hypomethylating Agents","volume":"13","author":"Hammond","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00494-0","article-title":"Enasidenib plus Azacitidine versus Azacitidine Alone in Patients with Newly Diagnosed, Mutant-IDH2 Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AG221-AML-005): A Single-Arm, Phase 1b and Randomised, Phase 2 Trial","volume":"22","author":"DiNardo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27246","article-title":"Long-Term Follow-up of VIALE-A: Venetoclax and Azacitidine in Chemotherapy-Ineligible Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"99","author":"Pratz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024024944","article-title":"Genetic Risk Stratification and Outcomes among Treatment-Naive Patients with AML Treated with Venetoclax and Azacitidine","volume":"144","author":"Pratz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-00640","article-title":"Outcomes of Frontline Triplet Regimens with a Hypomethylating Agent, Venetoclax, and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor for Intensive Chemotherapy-Ineligible Patients with Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Mutated AML","volume":"43","author":"DiNardo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5192","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-5192","article-title":"Phase 3 Study of Ivosidenib (IVO) and Azacitidine (AZA) with or without Venetoclax in Adult Patients with Newly Diagnosed IDH1-Mutated AML or MDS\/AML Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy (EVOLVE-1)","volume":"146","author":"Huls","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-992","article-title":"Updated Response and Safety Analyses from a Phase 1 Study of Ivosidenib Combined with Intensive Chemotherapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed (ND) Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)1 Mutation","volume":"146","author":"Stein","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5945","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-190801","article-title":"A Phase 1b Multi-Center Study of the FLT3 Inhibitor Gilteritinib in Combination with the IDH1 Inhibitor Ivosidenib or the IDH2 Inhibitor Enasidenib for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia Who Have Co-Occurring FLT3\/IDH1 or FLT3\/IDH2 Mutations","volume":"142","author":"Stein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4989","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021006468","article-title":"Transplant Outcomes after CPX-351 vs 7\u2009+\u20093 in Older Adults with Newly Diagnosed High-Risk and\/or Secondary AML","volume":"6","author":"Uy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024024009","article-title":"How I Treat Patients with AML Using Azacitidine and Venetoclax","volume":"145","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-024-05891-w","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Venetoclax for the Treatment of Unfit AML Patients in Real-World: Is All That Glitters Gold?","volume":"104","author":"Montesinos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bneo.2024.100017","article-title":"Real-World Outcomes of Newly Diagnosed AML Treated with Venetoclax and Azacitidine or Low-Dose Cytarabine in the UK NHS","volume":"1","author":"Othman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Neoplasia"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024014014","article-title":"Trial Eligibility, Treatment Patterns, and Outcome for Venetoclax-Based Therapy in AML: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"9","author":"Wolach","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022016963","article-title":"Long-Term Follow-up of VIALE-C in Patients with Untreated AML Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy","volume":"140","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-023-02001-z","article-title":"Glasdegib plus Intensive or Non-Intensive Chemotherapy for Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Results from the Randomized, Phase 3 BRIGHT AML 1019 Trial","volume":"37","author":"Sekeres","year":"2023","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2788","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024026925","article-title":"Refined ELN 2024 Risk Stratification Improves Survival Prognostication Following Venetoclax-Based Therapy in AML","volume":"144","author":"Lachowiez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27564","article-title":"Mayo Genetic Risk Models for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Venetoclax\u2009+\u2009Hypomethylating Agent","volume":"100","author":"Gangat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024025409","article-title":"Genetic Risk Classification for Adults with AML Receiving Less-Intensive Therapies: The 2024 ELN Recommendations","volume":"144","author":"DiNardo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5297","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024013685","article-title":"Beat-AML 2024 ELN-Refined Risk Stratification for Older Adults with Newly Diagnosed AML given Lower-Intensity Therapy","volume":"8","author":"Hoff","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-453","article-title":"Prognostic Risk Integration for Survival Modeling (PRISM) in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Venetoclax: A Multinational Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"146","author":"Lachowiez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_98","unstructured":"(2026, January 17). PRISM Risk Calculator in AML. Available online: https:\/\/prism-aml.com\/."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-025-01346-1","article-title":"Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Unfit Patients: 2026 Treatment Algorithms","volume":"15","author":"Gangat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-025-01270-4","article-title":"Venetoclax Schedule in AML: 7 vs 14 vs 21 vs 28 Days","volume":"15","author":"Gangat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-025-01269-x","article-title":"Reduced Venetoclax Exposure to 7 Days vs Standard Exposure with Hypomethylating Agents in Newly Diagnosed AML Patients","volume":"15","author":"Willekens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E63","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27180","article-title":"Venetoclax Duration (14 vs. 21 vs. 28\u2009Days) in Combination with Hypomethylating Agent in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Comparative Analysis of Response, Toxicity, and Survival","volume":"99","author":"Karrar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-023-05102-y","article-title":"Shorter Duration of Venetoclax Administration to 14 Days Has Same Efficacy and Better Safety Profile in Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"102","author":"Aiba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-025-01324-7","article-title":"Comparable Outcomes with 14-, 21-, or Standard 28-Day Venetoclax in the First Cycle of Azacitidine\u2013Venetoclax in Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Real-World Experience from the Hokkaido Leukemia Net","volume":"15","author":"Kanaya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-209246","article-title":"Optimizing Venetoclax Duration in Combination with Hypomethylating Agents for Newly Diagnosed AML: Impact on Treatment Response and Survival Outcomes","volume":"144","author":"Ginosyan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2022.101036","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Resistant to Venetoclax-Based Therapy: What Does the Future Hold?","volume":"59","author":"Dhakal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2025000756","article-title":"Triplet Regimens for All: Genomically Agnostic Approaches to Improve on HMA + VEN in AML?","volume":"2025","author":"Nicol","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3848","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02823","article-title":"Phase II Study of Venetoclax Added to Cladribine Plus Low-Dose Cytarabine Alternating with 5-Azacitidine in Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"40","author":"Kadia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HS9.0000845216.33320.a2","article-title":"P582: First Results of a Phase II Study (STIMULUS-AML1) Investigating Sabatolimab + Azacitidine + Venetoclax In Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"6","author":"Zeidan","year":"2022","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"ref_110","unstructured":"Ipsen (2026, March 15). U.S. FDA Grants Ipsen\u2019s IPN60340 (ICT01) Breakthrough Therapy Designation in First Line Unfit Acute My-eloid Leukemia. Available online: https:\/\/www.ipsen.com\/press-release\/u-s-fda-grants-ipsens-ipn60340-ict01-breakthrough-therapy-designation-in-first-line-unfit-acute-myeloid-leukemia-3218133\/."},{"key":"ref_111","unstructured":"ImCheck Therapeutics (2026, February 15). ImCheck Reports Durable Responses and Early Overall Survival Signal with ICT01 in First-Line AML at ASH 2025. Available online: https:\/\/www.imchecktherapeutics.com\/all-press-release\/news\/imcheck-reports-durable-responses-and-early-overall-survival-signal-with-ict01-in-first-line-aml-at-ash-2025\/."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6519","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.6519","article-title":"FLAG-IDA + Venetoclax in Newly Diagnosed (ND) or Relapsed\/Refractory (RR) AML","volume":"42","author":"Jen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-211685","article-title":"Venetoclax Combined with \u201c7+3\u201d Induction Chemotherapy Induces High MRD-Negative Response Rates in Newly Diagnosed AML Patients Fit for Intensive Chemotherapy across Ages","volume":"144","author":"Mantzaris","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Gao, J., Wang, L., Xie, F., Zhang, C., Mao, P., and Yan, J. (2025). Venetoclax and Hypomethylating Agents versus Induction Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BMC Cancer, 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-025-14311-9"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024027217","article-title":"Venetoclax and Decitabine vs Intensive Chemotherapy as Induction for Young Patients with Newly Diagnosed AML","volume":"145","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HS9.0000845132.53694.7f","article-title":"P561: VIALE-T: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3 Study Of Venetoclax In Combination with Azacitidine After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"6","author":"Craddock","year":"2022","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01632-8","article-title":"Menin Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Challenges and Opportunities Ahead","volume":"17","author":"Nadiminti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10632","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.18.10632","article-title":"MLL, a Mammalian Trithorax-Group Gene, Functions as a Transcriptional Maintenance Factor in Morphogenesis","volume":"95","author":"Yu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024026232","article-title":"Menin Inhibitors in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"145","author":"Huls","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-024-01186-5","article-title":"What Have We Learned about TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia?","volume":"14","author":"Shahzad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5272","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-1183","article-title":"Outcomes in Patients with Poor-Risk Cytogenetics with or without TP53 Mutations Treated with Venetoclax and Azacitidine","volume":"28","author":"Pollyea","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-874","article-title":"Choice of Hypomethylating Agent for Newly Diagnosed TP53-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Command Registry Study","volume":"146","author":"Badar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023010417","article-title":"Utility or Futility? A Contemporary Approach to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for TP53-Mutated MDS\/AML","volume":"8","author":"Nawas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025028730","article-title":"Disease Risk but Not Remission Status Determines Transplant Outcomes in AML: Long-Term Outcomes of the ASAP Trial","volume":"146","author":"Stelljes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chao, M.P., Takimoto, C.H., Feng, D.D., McKenna, K., Gip, P., Liu, J., Volkmer, J.-P., Weissman, I.L., and Majeti, R. (2020). Therapeutic Targeting of the Macrophage Immune Checkpoint CD47 in Myeloid Malignancies. Front. Oncol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01380"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-25-0229","article-title":"Azacitidine, Venetoclax, and Magrolimab in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Phase Ib\/II Study and Correlative Analysis","volume":"31","author":"Daver","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.02342","article-title":"Eprenetapopt Plus Azacitidine in TP53-Mutated Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Phase II Study by the Groupe Francophone Des My\u00e9lodysplasies (GFM)","volume":"39","author":"Cluzeau","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3409","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2021-148940","article-title":"Phase I and Expansion Study of Eprenetapopt (APR-246) in Combination with Venetoclax (VEN) and Azacitidine (AZA) in TP53-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)","volume":"138","author":"Goldberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_129","unstructured":"(2026, February 15). MyeloMATCH Precision Medicine Trials\u2014NCI, Available online: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/types\/leukemia\/research\/myelomatch-trials."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023011721","article-title":"Phase 1b Trial of Tagraxofusp in Combination with Azacitidine with or without Venetoclax in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"8","author":"Lane","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70106","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.70106","article-title":"TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Unanswered Questions","volume":"43","author":"Bruzzese","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407698","DOI":"10.3389\/frhem.2024.1407698","article-title":"Are We Ready to Integrate 3D Culture Systems in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Bone Marrow Microenvironment Research?","volume":"3","author":"Sharipol","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-621664","article-title":"International Phase 3 Study of Azacitidine vs Conventional Care Regimens in Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed AML with >30% Blasts","volume":"126","author":"Dombret","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.38.9429","article-title":"Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trial of Decitabine versus Patient Choice, with Physician Advice, of Either Supportive Care or Low-Dose Cytarabine for the Treatment of Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"30","author":"Kantarjian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024013744","article-title":"Fitness Assessment in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Recommendations from an Expert Panel on Behalf of the European LeukemiaNet","volume":"9","author":"Venditti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_136","unstructured":"Stone, R. (2026, March 15). A Phase I Trial of Revumenib in Combination with 7+3 (7 Days of Cytarabine and 3 Days of Daunorubicin) + Midostaurin Induction Chemotherapy for the Frontline Treatment of NPM1 and FLT3 Mutated AML. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06313437, Available online: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06313437."},{"key":"ref_137","unstructured":"Kura Oncology, Inc. (2026, March 15). Phase 1 Study of Venetoclax\/Azacitidine or Venetoclax in Combination with Ziftomenib or Standard Induction Cytarabine\/Daunorubicin (7+3) Chemotherapy in Combination with Ziftomenib for the Treat-ment of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05735184, Available online: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05735184."}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/18\/6\/1034\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:43:42Z","timestamp":1774417422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/18\/6\/1034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers18061034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers18061034","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]}}}