{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:56:58Z","timestamp":1785430618171,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA205348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA205348"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA269897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA269897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA138701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA138701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA186338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA186338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA203108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA203108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01CA205348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA205348"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01CA269897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA269897"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01CA138701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA138701"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01CA186338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA186338"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01CA203108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA203108"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"OU Libraries\u2019 Open Access Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Pancreatic cancer is highly metastatic, and metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Therefore, finding methods to inhibit pancreatic cancer metastasis has important clinical value. Methods: N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC) is an immunostimulant that can enhance the anti-tumor immune response to inhibit metastasis in combination with photothermal therapy. Results: Here, we found that GC can inhibit the migration of pancreatic cancer cells through interactions with caveolin-1 (Cav-1). The fluorescence of GC-FITC on the cell surface overlaps with Cav-1-Red, is enhanced by adCav-1, and is weakened by siCav-1, indicating that the localization of GC depends on Cav-1. GC inhibits the migration of malignant cells by blocking the signal transduction of Cav-1 and its downstream molecules. In an orthotopic pancreatic tumor model, GC can inhibit tumor metastasis in tumor-bearing mice. Conclusions: These results demonstrate GC\u2019s capacity to act as a partner in pancreatic cancer therapy and indicate future directions for metastatic cancer therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18091473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:15:02Z","timestamp":1777853702000},"page":"1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Glycosylated Chitosan Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis by Blocking the Caveolin Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Interventional Therapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China"},{"name":"Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, College of Mathematics and Science, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob Paul","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3265-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6667-4053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigael P.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1516-3841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne","family":"Tuohy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei R.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2025","volume":"75","author":"Siegel","year":"2025","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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